Battle of Yarmouk (636) in the Chronicle of 1234 Translation and Analysis of the Relevant Passage
Yıl 2018, Cilt 3, Sayı 1, 1 - 20, 26.02.2018Öz
The Battle of Yarmuk was made between the Islamic and Byzantine armies in 636 and created very important consequences for Byzantium to lose the Middle East. This important battle has been described by various historiographical traditions, in particular Arab and Byzantine sources, from different ways. In this context, an important historiographic tradition was also created by Christian scholars who used Syriac. Among the Syriac sources that transmit information about the Battle of Yarmuk, 1234 Anonymous Syriac Chronicle has a privileged place. This chronicle gives a detailed account of the battle, but also offers alternative perspectives to the modern researcher.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Syriac Historiography, Chronicle of 1234, History of Islam, History of Byzantine, Battle of Yarmouk
Kaynakça
- -Acar, Abdurrahman, “Müslümanlarla Bizans Arasındaki Yermûk Savaşı’nı Anlatan En Eski Süryanice Metin”, Dicle Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2003, cilt: V, sayı: 2 -Anonymi Auctoris Chronicon ad annum Christi 1234 Pertinens I, Edidit: J.B. Chabot, CSCO, C.XIV, Paris, 1920 -Bar Hebraeus, Chronography, Chapter: X, Kings of the Arabs, Translated to English from Syriac: E.A. Wallis Budge, Londra, 1932 -Barsoum, Ephrem, History of Syriac Literature and Science, Passeggiata Press, Pueblo, 2000 -Becker, Carl Heinrich, “The Expansion of the Saracens”, The Cambridge Medieval History, The Rise of the Saracens and the Foundation of the Western Empire, Vol:2, Chapter:11, s.329-364, The McMillan Co., NY, 1913 -Brock, S.P, “Syriac Historical Writing: A Survey of the Main Courses”, The Oriental Institute, Oxford Uni., England -Dickens, Mark, Medieval Syriac Historians’ Perceptions of the Turks, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Cambridge, 2004 -Donner, Fred McGraw, The Early Islamic Conquests, Princeton Uni. Press, New Jersey, 1981 -Duygu, Zafer, Süryani Tarih Yazıcılığında Geç Antik Çağ: Hıristiyanlık, İslam, Siyasi Tarih, Divan Yay., İstanbul, 2016 -Fayda, Mustafa, “Yermük Savaşı”, TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, C.43, s.485-486 -Hilkens, Andy, The Anonymous Syriac Chronicle up to the Year 1234 and its Sources, Gent Üniversitesi, Gent, 2014 -Hitti, Philip Khuri, The Origins of the Islamic State, Translation from the Historic Notes of Kitab Futûh al-Buldan of Baladhuri, Columbia University, NY, 1916 -İslam Ansiklopedisi, C:43, “Yermük Savaşı” -Kaegi, Walter E, Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests, Cambridge Uni. Press, UK, 1992 -Kennedy, Hugh, The Armies of the Caliphs : Military and Society in the Early Islamic State Warfare and History, Taylor&Francis Routledge, NY, 2001 -Kenndedy, Hugh, The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates, 2’nd Edition, Pearson Publishing, England, 2004 -Kennedy, Hugh, Great Arab Conquests, Da Capo Press, Philadelphia, 2007 -Moosa, Matti, “The Crusades: An Eastern Perspective with Emphasis on Syriac Sources”, The Muslim World, Sayı:93, Nisan 2003 -Ostrogorsky, Georg, Bizans Devleti Tarihi, Çev: F.Işıltan, TTK Yayınları, 7.Baskı, ANKARA, 2011 -Taberi, The History of al-Tabari, V:11, The Challenge to the Empires, Tranlated by: Khalid Yahya Blankinship, The State University of New York Press, NY, 1993 -Taberi, The History of al-Tabari, V:12, The Battle of al-Qadisiyyah and the Conquest of Syria and Palestine, Translated by: Yohanan Friedmann, The State University of New York Press, NY, 1992 -The Chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor, Byzantine and Near Eastern History, Translated with Introduction and Commentary by: Cyrill Mango and Roger Scott, Clarendon Press, Oxford, NY, 1997 -The Syriac Chronicle of Michael Rabo (the Great), A Universal History form the Creation, Translated to English from Syriac: Matti Moosa, Beth Antioch Press, New Jersey, 2014 -Vakidi, The Islamic Conquest of Syria, A Translation of Futûhushâm: The Inspiring History of the Sahâbah’s, Translated by: Mawlana S. al-Kindi, Ta-Ha Publishers, London, 2000 -Vasiliev, A.A, Bizans İmparatorluğu Tarihi, C:I, Çev: A.Müfid Mansel, Maarif Matbaası, ANKARA, 1943 -Weltecke, Dorothea, “A Reneissance In Historiography? Patriarch Michael, Anonymous Chronicle AD 1234 and Bar Hebraeus”, The Syriac Reneissance, Ed: Herman Teule, Peeters, 2010
1234 Yılı Süryani Kroniği’nde Yermük Savaşı (636): İlgili Kısmın Tercüme ve Tahlili
Yıl 2018, Cilt 3, Sayı 1, 1 - 20, 26.02.2018Öz
Yermük Savaşı 636 yılında İslam ve Bizans orduları arasında yapılmış ve Bizans’ın Ortadoğu’yu kaybetmesi kabilinden son derece önemli sonuçlar yaratmıştır. Bu mühim savaş Arap ve Bizans kaynakları başta olmak üzere birçok historiyografi geleneği tarafından farklı açılardan betimlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda önem taşıyan bir historiyografi geleneği de Süryanice kullanan Hıristiyan ruhbanlar tarafından oluşturulmuştur. Yermük Savaşı hakkında bilgiler nakleden Süryani kaynakları arasında ise 1234 Yılı Anonim Süryani Kroniği ayrıcalıklı bir yere sahiptir. Zira bu kronik hem bahis konusu savaş hakkında ayrıntılı sayılabilecek bir anlatım yapmıştır, hem de modern araştırmacılara alternatif bakış açıları sunmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Süryani Tarih Yazıcılığı, 1234 Yılı Anonim Süryani Kroniği, İslam Tarihi, Bizans Tarihi, Yermük Savaşı
Kaynakça
- -Acar, Abdurrahman, “Müslümanlarla Bizans Arasındaki Yermûk Savaşı’nı Anlatan En Eski Süryanice Metin”, Dicle Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2003, cilt: V, sayı: 2 -Anonymi Auctoris Chronicon ad annum Christi 1234 Pertinens I, Edidit: J.B. Chabot, CSCO, C.XIV, Paris, 1920 -Bar Hebraeus, Chronography, Chapter: X, Kings of the Arabs, Translated to English from Syriac: E.A. Wallis Budge, Londra, 1932 -Barsoum, Ephrem, History of Syriac Literature and Science, Passeggiata Press, Pueblo, 2000 -Becker, Carl Heinrich, “The Expansion of the Saracens”, The Cambridge Medieval History, The Rise of the Saracens and the Foundation of the Western Empire, Vol:2, Chapter:11, s.329-364, The McMillan Co., NY, 1913 -Brock, S.P, “Syriac Historical Writing: A Survey of the Main Courses”, The Oriental Institute, Oxford Uni., England -Dickens, Mark, Medieval Syriac Historians’ Perceptions of the Turks, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Cambridge, 2004 -Donner, Fred McGraw, The Early Islamic Conquests, Princeton Uni. Press, New Jersey, 1981 -Duygu, Zafer, Süryani Tarih Yazıcılığında Geç Antik Çağ: Hıristiyanlık, İslam, Siyasi Tarih, Divan Yay., İstanbul, 2016 -Fayda, Mustafa, “Yermük Savaşı”, TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, C.43, s.485-486 -Hilkens, Andy, The Anonymous Syriac Chronicle up to the Year 1234 and its Sources, Gent Üniversitesi, Gent, 2014 -Hitti, Philip Khuri, The Origins of the Islamic State, Translation from the Historic Notes of Kitab Futûh al-Buldan of Baladhuri, Columbia University, NY, 1916 -İslam Ansiklopedisi, C:43, “Yermük Savaşı” -Kaegi, Walter E, Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests, Cambridge Uni. Press, UK, 1992 -Kennedy, Hugh, The Armies of the Caliphs : Military and Society in the Early Islamic State Warfare and History, Taylor&Francis Routledge, NY, 2001 -Kenndedy, Hugh, The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates, 2’nd Edition, Pearson Publishing, England, 2004 -Kennedy, Hugh, Great Arab Conquests, Da Capo Press, Philadelphia, 2007 -Moosa, Matti, “The Crusades: An Eastern Perspective with Emphasis on Syriac Sources”, The Muslim World, Sayı:93, Nisan 2003 -Ostrogorsky, Georg, Bizans Devleti Tarihi, Çev: F.Işıltan, TTK Yayınları, 7.Baskı, ANKARA, 2011 -Taberi, The History of al-Tabari, V:11, The Challenge to the Empires, Tranlated by: Khalid Yahya Blankinship, The State University of New York Press, NY, 1993 -Taberi, The History of al-Tabari, V:12, The Battle of al-Qadisiyyah and the Conquest of Syria and Palestine, Translated by: Yohanan Friedmann, The State University of New York Press, NY, 1992 -The Chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor, Byzantine and Near Eastern History, Translated with Introduction and Commentary by: Cyrill Mango and Roger Scott, Clarendon Press, Oxford, NY, 1997 -The Syriac Chronicle of Michael Rabo (the Great), A Universal History form the Creation, Translated to English from Syriac: Matti Moosa, Beth Antioch Press, New Jersey, 2014 -Vakidi, The Islamic Conquest of Syria, A Translation of Futûhushâm: The Inspiring History of the Sahâbah’s, Translated by: Mawlana S. al-Kindi, Ta-Ha Publishers, London, 2000 -Vasiliev, A.A, Bizans İmparatorluğu Tarihi, C:I, Çev: A.Müfid Mansel, Maarif Matbaası, ANKARA, 1943 -Weltecke, Dorothea, “A Reneissance In Historiography? Patriarch Michael, Anonymous Chronicle AD 1234 and Bar Hebraeus”, The Syriac Reneissance, Ed: Herman Teule, Peeters, 2010
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Edebiyat |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 26 Şubat 2018 |
| Yayınlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018, Cilt 3, Sayı 1 |
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