Amisos

Öz

The phenomenon of nationalism, which emerged as a result of the French Revolution in 18th century Europe, led to the acceleration of archaeological excavations, which is the most important step in the search for the past, and the unearthing cultural remains of Ancient Greek and Roman civilizations. With the effect of the Grand Tour, which was organized in parallel with the developments in transportation after the Industrial Revolution, people had the opportunity to visit the geographies where their civilizations flourished and see the remains of Ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, which they regarded as their ancestors. In parallel with these developments, in the 18th century, Europeans began to prefer the advanced forms of Ancient Greece and Rome in architecture, depending on the fact of belonging to the origin. These practices have become an international style called "Neoclassicism" in the history of architecture and art, spreading not only in Europe, but also almost all over the world with the practices of Europeans.
In the 18th century, although this common heritage was still seen as a common value by some nations, in parallel with the effort of any nation to show itself as separate and superior to other nations, an attempt to go back to the past in architecture, to seek, evaluate and reveal its own self-formation is seen. In this case, the revealed style coincides with the nomenclature of "Neoclassicism", as it can be interpreted as the re-emergence of the classical architecture of the nation to which it belongs.
In this context, in our study, the effects of the phenomenon of nationalism on 19th century architecture are explained through the selected examples of Neogothic, Rundbogenstil, Neomudejar and the I. National Architecture Movement, and the points that should be considered in the evaluation of the mentioned styles in the fields of art and architectural history are mentioned.