Conference Paper
BibTex RIS Cite

Relationships among Resilience, Social Support, Coping, and Psychological Well-Being among University Studentss

Year 2015, Volume: 5 Issue: 43, 35 - 43, 14.04.2015

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among resilience, social support, coping, and psychological well-being in university students. Data were gathered on 309 students who are studying at the Trakya University. Participants completed several instruments: the Flourishing Scale, Resilience Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Ways of Coping Inventory, and a demographic information form. Correlation, standard multiple regression, and hierarchical regression analyses were performed on the data. Signifi cant relationships were found among study variables. Results of regression analyses indicated that psychological well-being was statistically predicted by resilience, coping, and social support from family, friends, and from signifi cant others. Results of the mediation analysis revealed that social support and coping skills partially mediated the relationship between resilience and psychological well-being. The implications were discussed in the light of existing literature, and suggestions were made for college counselors

References

  • Boerner, K. (2004). Adaptation to disability among middle- aged and older adults: The role of assimilative and accommodative coping. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 59, 35–42.
  • Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist, 50(l), 20-28.
  • Bridges, L. J. (2008). Coping as an element of developmental well-being. In M. H. Bornstein, L. Davidson, C. L. Keyes and K. A. Moore (Eds.). Well-being: Positive development across the life course, (pp. 155-166). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Carr, A. (2004). Positive psychology: The science of happiness and human strengths. East Sussex: Brunner- Routledge.
  • Christopher, K. A. (2000). Determinants of psychological well-being in Irish immigrants. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 22, 123–140.
  • Cicognani, E. (2011). Coping strategies with minor stressors in adolescence: Relationships with social support, self-effi cacy, and psychological well-being. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 41(3), 559-578.
  • Cohen, S., ve Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310-357.
  • Connor, K. M. ve Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18, 76–82.
  • Corsano, P. Majorano, M. ve Champretavy, L. (2006). Psychological well-being in adolescence: The contribution of interpersonal relations and experience of being alone. Adolescence, 162, 341-353.
  • Çeçen, A. (2008). Öğrencilerin cinsiyetlerine ve anababa tutum algılarına göre yalnızlık ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin incelenmesi [University students’ loneliness and perceived social support levels according to gender and perceived parents attitudes], Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 415-431.
  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S. ve Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well- being measures: Short scales to assess fl ourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97, 143-156.
  • Diener, E. ve Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Very happy people. Psychological Science, 13, 81-84.
  • DeNeve, M, K. ve Cooper, H. (1998). The happy personality: A-meta analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 197-229.
  • Dyer, J. G. ve McGuinness, T.M. (1996). Resilience: Analysis of the concept. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 10, 276–282.
  • Eker, D. ve Arkar, H. (1995). Çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği [Factorial structure, validity, and reliability of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support]. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(34), 45-55.
  • Fava, A. G. ve Tomba, E. (2009). Increasing psychological well-being and resilience by psychotherapeutic methods. Journal of Personality, 77(6), 1903-1934.
  • Folkman, S. ve Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21(3), 219-239.
  • Folkman, S., Newman, S., Lamb, R. ve Shipley, M. (1986). Social relationships and psychological well-being in rheumatoid arthritis. Social Science and Medicine, 27, 399–403.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218–226.
  • Gustems-Carnicer, J. ve Calderón, C. (2013). Coping strategies and psychological well-being among teacher education students. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 28, 1127–1140.
  • Holland, K. D. ve Holahan, C. K. (2003). The relation of social support and coping to positive adaptation to breast cancer. Psychology and Health, 18, 15–29.
  • Kahn, J. H., Hessling, R. M. ve Russell, D. W. (2003). Social support, health, and well-being among the elderly: What is the role of negative affectivity? Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 5–17.
  • Kaner, S. ve Bayraklı, H. (2009). Zihinsel engelli ve engelli olmayan çocuklu annelerde yılmazlık, sosyal destek ve stresle başa çıkma becerileri [Resilience, social support, and coping with stress among mothers with disabled and nondisabled children]. Eğitim Bilimleri ve Uygulama Dergisi, 8(15), 115-133.
  • Kappe, R. ve van der Flier, H. (2012). Predicting academic success in higher education: What’s more important than being smart? European Journal of Psychology of Education, 27, 605-619.
  • Klohnen, E. C. (1996). Conceptual analysis and measurement of the construct of ego-resiliency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(5), 1067-1079.
  • Lai, J. C. L. ve Mak, A. J. (2009). Resilience moderates the impact of daily hassles on positive well-being in Chinese undergraduates. Journal of Psychology in Chinese Societies, 10(2), 151-168.
  • Lazarus, R.S. ve Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal and coping (1st Edition). New York: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Lazarus, R.S., ve Folkman, S. (1985). If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(1), 150-170.
  • Li, M. ve Nishikawa, T. (2012). The relationship between active coping and trait resilience across U.S and Taiwanese college student samples. Journal of College Counseling, 15, 157-171.
  • Lyubomirsky, S. (2007). How of happiness. New York: Penguin Press Inc.
  • Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56, 227-238.
  • Otrar, M. Ekşi, H., Dilmaç, B. ve Şirin, A. (2002). Türkiye’de öğrenim gören Türk ve akraba topluluk öğrencilerinin stres kaynakları, başaçıkma tarzlar ile ruh sağlığı arasındaki ilişki üzerine bir araştırma [The source of stress, coping and psychological well- being among Turkic and relative societies’ students in Turkey]. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 2(2), 473-506.
  • Qiao, G., Li, S. ve Hu, J. (2011). Stress, coping, and psychological well-being among new graduate nurses in China. Home Health Care Management Practice, 23(6), 398-403.
  • Ryan, R. M. ve Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166.
  • Ryff, D. C. ve Keyes, M. L. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719-727.
  • Ryff, C. D., Singer, B., Love, G. D. ve Essex, M. J. (1998). Resilience in adulthood and later life. In J. Lomranz (Ed.), Handbook of aging and mental health (pp. 69– 96). New York: Plenum.
  • Ryff, C.D. ve Singer, B. (2003). Flourishing under fi re: Resilience as a prototype of challenged thriving. In C. L. M.Keyes ve J. Haidt (Eds.), Positive psychology and the life well-lived (pp. 15–36). Washington, DC: APA.
  • Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Positive psychology, positive prevention, and positive therapy. In C.R.Synder ve S. Lopez, (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 3-9). New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
  • Schwarzer, R. Knoll, N. ve Rieckmann, N. (2004). Social support. In A. Kaptein ve J.Weinman (Eds.), Health psychology (pp. 158–182). Oxford, England: Blackwell.
  • Souri, H. ve Hasanirad, T. (2011). Relationship between resilience, optimism and psychological well-being in students of medicine. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 1541-1544.
  • Stroebe, W. (2000). Social psychology and health (2nd Edition). Open University Press.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., ve Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Pearson Education.
  • Telef, B. B. (2011). Psikolojik İyi oluş ölçeği (PİOÖ): Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [Flourishing Scale: A study of adaptation to Turkish,validity and reliability]. Paper presented at the XI. Psychological Counseling and Guidance Congress, October 3-5, İzmir, Turkey.
  • Terzi, Ş. (2006). Kendini Toparlama Gücü Ölçeği’nin uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları [Adaptation of resilience scale (RS) to the Turk culture: It’s reliability and validity]. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 26(3), 77-86.
  • Şahin, N.H. ve Durak, A. (1995). Üniversite öğrencileri için bir stresle başa çıkma tarzı ölçeği [A brief coping styles inventory for university students]. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(34), 56-73.
  • Wagnild, G. M. ve Young, H. M. (1993). Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1(2), 165-178.
  • Wills, T. A. ve Fegan, M. F. (2001). Social networks and social support. In. A. Baum, T.A. Revenson, & J.E. Singer (Eds.), Handbook of health psychology (pp. 209-234). New Jersey, Mahwah: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
  • Uskul A. K. ve Greenglass, E. (2005). Psychological wellbeing in a Turkish-Canadian sample. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 18(3), 269-278.
  • Van Schaick, L. A. (2010). Predicting resilience and psychological well-being in early adulthood: The role of religion in childhood and adolescence. Unpublished Doctoral dissertation. St. John’s University, New York.
  • Yıldırım, İ. (1997). Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi güvenirliği ve geçerliği [Development of perceived social support scale: Reliability and validitiy], Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 13, 81-87.
  • Zautra, A. J., Arewasikporn, A. ve Davis, M. C. (2010). Resilience: Promoting well-being through recovery, sustainability, and growth. Research in Human Development, 7(3), 221–238.
  • Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G. ve Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52, 30-41.

Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Psikolojik Dayanıklılık, Sosyal Destek, Başa Çıkma ve İyi-Oluş Arasındaki İlişkiler

Year 2015, Volume: 5 Issue: 43, 35 - 43, 14.04.2015

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde psikolojik dayanıklılık, sosyal destek, stresle başa çıkma ve psikolojik iyi oluş değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. Veriler, Trakya Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim görmekte olan 309 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Katılımcılar, Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği, Kendini Toparlama Gücü Ölçeği, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği, Stresle Başa Çıkma Tarzları Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formunu doldurmuşlardır. Verilerin analizinde korelasyon, standart çoklu regresyon ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada ele alınan değişkenler arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Regresyon analizi sonuçları psikolojik iyi oluşun, psikolojik dayanıklılık, stresle başa çıkma becerileri ve aileden, arkadaşlardan ve diğerlerinden alınan sosyal destek değişkenleri tarafından anlamlı bir şekilde yordandığını göstermiştir. Aracı değişken analizi sonuçları da, sosyal destek ve stresle başa çıkma becerilerinin, psikolojik iyi oluş ve psikolojik dayanıklılık değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkide kısmi aracılık rolü olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bulgular mevcut literatür ışığında tartışılmış ve psikolojik danışmanlar için bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

References

  • Boerner, K. (2004). Adaptation to disability among middle- aged and older adults: The role of assimilative and accommodative coping. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 59, 35–42.
  • Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist, 50(l), 20-28.
  • Bridges, L. J. (2008). Coping as an element of developmental well-being. In M. H. Bornstein, L. Davidson, C. L. Keyes and K. A. Moore (Eds.). Well-being: Positive development across the life course, (pp. 155-166). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Carr, A. (2004). Positive psychology: The science of happiness and human strengths. East Sussex: Brunner- Routledge.
  • Christopher, K. A. (2000). Determinants of psychological well-being in Irish immigrants. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 22, 123–140.
  • Cicognani, E. (2011). Coping strategies with minor stressors in adolescence: Relationships with social support, self-effi cacy, and psychological well-being. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 41(3), 559-578.
  • Cohen, S., ve Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310-357.
  • Connor, K. M. ve Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18, 76–82.
  • Corsano, P. Majorano, M. ve Champretavy, L. (2006). Psychological well-being in adolescence: The contribution of interpersonal relations and experience of being alone. Adolescence, 162, 341-353.
  • Çeçen, A. (2008). Öğrencilerin cinsiyetlerine ve anababa tutum algılarına göre yalnızlık ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin incelenmesi [University students’ loneliness and perceived social support levels according to gender and perceived parents attitudes], Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 415-431.
  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S. ve Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well- being measures: Short scales to assess fl ourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97, 143-156.
  • Diener, E. ve Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Very happy people. Psychological Science, 13, 81-84.
  • DeNeve, M, K. ve Cooper, H. (1998). The happy personality: A-meta analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 197-229.
  • Dyer, J. G. ve McGuinness, T.M. (1996). Resilience: Analysis of the concept. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 10, 276–282.
  • Eker, D. ve Arkar, H. (1995). Çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği [Factorial structure, validity, and reliability of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support]. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(34), 45-55.
  • Fava, A. G. ve Tomba, E. (2009). Increasing psychological well-being and resilience by psychotherapeutic methods. Journal of Personality, 77(6), 1903-1934.
  • Folkman, S. ve Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21(3), 219-239.
  • Folkman, S., Newman, S., Lamb, R. ve Shipley, M. (1986). Social relationships and psychological well-being in rheumatoid arthritis. Social Science and Medicine, 27, 399–403.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218–226.
  • Gustems-Carnicer, J. ve Calderón, C. (2013). Coping strategies and psychological well-being among teacher education students. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 28, 1127–1140.
  • Holland, K. D. ve Holahan, C. K. (2003). The relation of social support and coping to positive adaptation to breast cancer. Psychology and Health, 18, 15–29.
  • Kahn, J. H., Hessling, R. M. ve Russell, D. W. (2003). Social support, health, and well-being among the elderly: What is the role of negative affectivity? Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 5–17.
  • Kaner, S. ve Bayraklı, H. (2009). Zihinsel engelli ve engelli olmayan çocuklu annelerde yılmazlık, sosyal destek ve stresle başa çıkma becerileri [Resilience, social support, and coping with stress among mothers with disabled and nondisabled children]. Eğitim Bilimleri ve Uygulama Dergisi, 8(15), 115-133.
  • Kappe, R. ve van der Flier, H. (2012). Predicting academic success in higher education: What’s more important than being smart? European Journal of Psychology of Education, 27, 605-619.
  • Klohnen, E. C. (1996). Conceptual analysis and measurement of the construct of ego-resiliency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(5), 1067-1079.
  • Lai, J. C. L. ve Mak, A. J. (2009). Resilience moderates the impact of daily hassles on positive well-being in Chinese undergraduates. Journal of Psychology in Chinese Societies, 10(2), 151-168.
  • Lazarus, R.S. ve Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal and coping (1st Edition). New York: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Lazarus, R.S., ve Folkman, S. (1985). If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(1), 150-170.
  • Li, M. ve Nishikawa, T. (2012). The relationship between active coping and trait resilience across U.S and Taiwanese college student samples. Journal of College Counseling, 15, 157-171.
  • Lyubomirsky, S. (2007). How of happiness. New York: Penguin Press Inc.
  • Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56, 227-238.
  • Otrar, M. Ekşi, H., Dilmaç, B. ve Şirin, A. (2002). Türkiye’de öğrenim gören Türk ve akraba topluluk öğrencilerinin stres kaynakları, başaçıkma tarzlar ile ruh sağlığı arasındaki ilişki üzerine bir araştırma [The source of stress, coping and psychological well- being among Turkic and relative societies’ students in Turkey]. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 2(2), 473-506.
  • Qiao, G., Li, S. ve Hu, J. (2011). Stress, coping, and psychological well-being among new graduate nurses in China. Home Health Care Management Practice, 23(6), 398-403.
  • Ryan, R. M. ve Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166.
  • Ryff, D. C. ve Keyes, M. L. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719-727.
  • Ryff, C. D., Singer, B., Love, G. D. ve Essex, M. J. (1998). Resilience in adulthood and later life. In J. Lomranz (Ed.), Handbook of aging and mental health (pp. 69– 96). New York: Plenum.
  • Ryff, C.D. ve Singer, B. (2003). Flourishing under fi re: Resilience as a prototype of challenged thriving. In C. L. M.Keyes ve J. Haidt (Eds.), Positive psychology and the life well-lived (pp. 15–36). Washington, DC: APA.
  • Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Positive psychology, positive prevention, and positive therapy. In C.R.Synder ve S. Lopez, (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 3-9). New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
  • Schwarzer, R. Knoll, N. ve Rieckmann, N. (2004). Social support. In A. Kaptein ve J.Weinman (Eds.), Health psychology (pp. 158–182). Oxford, England: Blackwell.
  • Souri, H. ve Hasanirad, T. (2011). Relationship between resilience, optimism and psychological well-being in students of medicine. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 1541-1544.
  • Stroebe, W. (2000). Social psychology and health (2nd Edition). Open University Press.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., ve Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Pearson Education.
  • Telef, B. B. (2011). Psikolojik İyi oluş ölçeği (PİOÖ): Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [Flourishing Scale: A study of adaptation to Turkish,validity and reliability]. Paper presented at the XI. Psychological Counseling and Guidance Congress, October 3-5, İzmir, Turkey.
  • Terzi, Ş. (2006). Kendini Toparlama Gücü Ölçeği’nin uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları [Adaptation of resilience scale (RS) to the Turk culture: It’s reliability and validity]. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 26(3), 77-86.
  • Şahin, N.H. ve Durak, A. (1995). Üniversite öğrencileri için bir stresle başa çıkma tarzı ölçeği [A brief coping styles inventory for university students]. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(34), 56-73.
  • Wagnild, G. M. ve Young, H. M. (1993). Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1(2), 165-178.
  • Wills, T. A. ve Fegan, M. F. (2001). Social networks and social support. In. A. Baum, T.A. Revenson, & J.E. Singer (Eds.), Handbook of health psychology (pp. 209-234). New Jersey, Mahwah: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
  • Uskul A. K. ve Greenglass, E. (2005). Psychological wellbeing in a Turkish-Canadian sample. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 18(3), 269-278.
  • Van Schaick, L. A. (2010). Predicting resilience and psychological well-being in early adulthood: The role of religion in childhood and adolescence. Unpublished Doctoral dissertation. St. John’s University, New York.
  • Yıldırım, İ. (1997). Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi güvenirliği ve geçerliği [Development of perceived social support scale: Reliability and validitiy], Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 13, 81-87.
  • Zautra, A. J., Arewasikporn, A. ve Davis, M. C. (2010). Resilience: Promoting well-being through recovery, sustainability, and growth. Research in Human Development, 7(3), 221–238.
  • Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G. ve Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52, 30-41.
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Asude Malkoç

İlhan Yalçın

Publication Date April 14, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 5 Issue: 43

Cite

APA Malkoç, A., & Yalçın, İ. (2015). Relationships among Resilience, Social Support, Coping, and Psychological Well-Being among University Studentss. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 5(43), 35-43.

!! From 30 November 2023, English language proofreading will be required for accepted articles to ensure language quality.