Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Nato ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Terörle Mücadele Stratejilerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Year 2023, Issue: 51, 1 - 17, 31.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.52642/susbed.1219408

Abstract

Bu çalışmada NATO ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün (ŞİÖ) terörle mücadele stratejilerini ve üyeleri arasındaki güven sorunu karşılaştırmalı olarak tartışılmaktadır. Hem NATO hem de ŞİÖ bölgesel örgütler olarak güvenlik arayışının bir ürünü olarak kurulmuştur. Ancak iki örgüt de güvenlik sorununa farklı yaklaşmaktadır. NATO için klasik tehditler öne çıkarken ŞİÖ için geleneksel olmayan tehditler önceliklidir. Aynı şekilde NATO bir yıkıcı düşman olan SSCB’ye karşı bir askeri ittifak olarak ortaya çıkmışken ŞİÖ ise üyelerinin üç şeytan olarak tanımladıkları terörizm, ayrılıkçılık ve aşırılıkçılığa karşı kurulmuştur. Her iki örgütünde gündemleri kurulduğu günden beri gelişip dönüşmektedir. NATO’nun, bu gelişimde, önceliklerini fazla değiştirmediği için terörle mücadele gündemini ikincil bir konu olarak gördüğü söylenebilir. ŞİÖ’nün ise önceliği zaten üç şeytanla mücadele olarak belirlendiği için terörle mücadelede işbirliği düzeyinin kurulduğu günden beri gelişip derinleştiği ileri sürülebilir. Bu çalışma iki örgütün terörle mücadelesini ele alırken büyük oranda betimleyici bir metot kullanmaktadır. Bu yönüyle betimleyici karşılaştırma da elde edilen verilerin bir yorumu olarak sunulmaktadır. NATO ve ŞİÖ’nün belli bir gündem üzerinden karşılaştırmalı analizinin konuya ilişkin Türkçe literatüre bir katkı sunması umulmaktadır.

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

Yok

Thanks

Yok

References

  • Akbarzadeh, S. (2015). Iran and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Ideology and Realpolitik in Iranian Foreign Policy. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 69(1), 88-103.
  • Aktürk, Ş. (2012). NATO Neden Genişledi? Uluslararası İlişkiler Kuramları Işığında NATO’nun Genişlemesi ve ABD-Rusya İç Siyaseti. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(34), 73-97.
  • Ambrosio, T. (2008). Catching the ‘Shanghai Spirit’: How the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Promotes Authoritarian Norms in Central Asia. Europe-Asia Studies, 60(8), 1321-1344.
  • Ambrosio, T. (2017). The Architecture of Alignment: The Russia–China Relationship and International Agreements. Europe-Asia Studies, 69(1), 110-156.
  • Aris, S. (2009). The Shanghai Cooperation Organization: ‘Tackling the Three Evils’. A Regional Response to Non-traditional Security Challenges or an Anti-Western Bloc? Europe-Asia Studies, Cilt 61, No. 3, ss. 457-482., 61(3), 457-482.
  • Aris, S. (2012). The Response of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to the Crisis in Kyrgyzstan. Civil Wars, 14(3), 451-476.
  • Aris, S., & Snetkov, A. (2013). Global Alternatives, Regional Stability and Common Causes: the International Politics of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and its Relationship to the West. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 54(2), 202-226.
  • Asmus, R. D., L., K. R., & Larrabee, F. S. (1993). Building A New NATO. Foreign Affairs: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/southeastern-europe/1993-09-01/building-new-nato adresinden alındı
  • Baubek vd., S. (2015). Shanghai Cooperation Organization and its Activities in Ensuring Human and Social Security. Anthropologist, 22(3), 510-517.
  • Bıçakcı, S. (2014). NATO’nun Gelişen Tehdit Algısı: 21. Yüzyılda Siber Güvenlik. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 10(40), 101-130.
  • Bingöl, O. (2012). NATO’nun Yeni Stratejik Konsepti, Türkiye ve Afganistan. M. S. Erol, & E. Efegil içinde, Türk Dış Politikasında Güvenlik Arayışları: Temel Faktörler, Kavramlar, Süreç ve Gelişmeler. Barış Kitap. .
  • Biresselioğlu, M. E. (2012). NATO’nun Değişen Enerji Güvenliği Algısı: Türkiye’nin Olası Konumu. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(34), 227-252.
  • Brownlee, J. (2017). The Limited Reach of Authoritarian Powers. Democratization, 24(7), 1326-1344.
  • Caparini, M. (2002). Security Sector Reform and NATO and EU Enlargement, SIPRI Yearbook 2003: Armaments. Disarmament and International Security, 237-260.
  • Chomsky, N. (2017). Güç Kimin Elinde? İnkılâp Kitabevi.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2004). The Shanghai Co-operation Organization: China’s Changing Influence in Central Asia. The China Quarterly, 180, 990-993.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2004). The Shanghai Co-operation Organization: China’s Changing Influence in Central Asia. The China Quarterly, 180, 990-993.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2006). China and the Institutionalization of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Problems of Post-Communism, Cilt 53, No. 5, ss. 3-14., 53(5), 3-14.
  • Clarke, M. (2018). The Belt and Road Initiative: Exploring Beijing’s Motivations and Challenges for its New Silk Road. Strategic Analysis, 42(2), 84-102.
  • Coning, d. C. (2006). “The Future of Peacekeeping in Africa”, Peacekeeping- Peacebuilding Preparing For The Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • Consensus decision-making at NATO . (2022a). NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_49178.htm. adresinden alındı
  • Cooper, A. F., & Stubbs, R. (2017). Contending Regionalisms: Hubs and Challengers in the Americas and the Asia-Pacific. The Pacific Review, 30(5), 615-632.
  • Crosston, M. (2013). The Pluto of International Organizations: Micro- Agendas, IO Theory, and Dismissing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Comparative Strategy, 32(3), 283-294.
  • Çolakoğlu, E. (2015). NATO’nun Çevreye İlişkin Rolü. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(33), 101-112.
  • Çolakoğlu, S. (2004). Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Geleceği ve Çin. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 1(1), 173-197.
  • Dadabaev, T. (2014). Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Regional Identity Formation from the Perspective of the Central Asia States. Journal of Contemporary China, 23(85), 102-118.
  • Demir, S., & Eminoğlu, A. (2018). Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi,(52), 115-142.
  • Doğan, N. (2005). NATO’nun Örgütsel Değişimi, 1949- 1999: Kuzey-Atlantik İttifakından Avrupa-Atlantik Güvenlik Örgütü. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 60(03), 69-108.
  • Dze, S. (2017). China’s Role in the New Stage of Russia’s Development of Its Eastern Regions. Problems of Economic Transition, 59(10), 768-774. .
  • Eide, E. B. (2006). “From peacekeeping to peacebuilding”, Peacekeeping-Peacebuilding Preparing for the Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • Eminoğlu, S. D. (2018). “Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi(52), 115-142.
  • Eminoğlu, S. D. (2018). Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi,(52), 115-142. Foot, R. (2020). China’s rise and US hegemony: Renegotiating Hegemonic Order in East Asia? International Politics, Cilt 57, ss. 150–165., 57, 150-165.
  • Frantzen, H. A. (2005). NATO and Peace Support Operations, 1991-1999: Policies and Doctrines. London: Frank Cass.
  • Gheciu, A. (2005). NATO in the “New Europe”: The Politics of International Socialization after the Cold War. Stanford University Press.
  • Gulick, J. (2007). Russo-Chinese Energy Cooperation: Stepping Stone from Strategic Partnership to Geo-economic Integration? International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 48(2-3), 203-2033.
  • Gürkaynak, M. (2005). Soğuk Savaş Sonrasında NATO ve Avrupa Güvenliği. Gürkaynak, Muharrem (2005). “Soğuk Savaş Sonrasında NATO ve Avrupa Güvenliği”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(1), 7-27.
  • Haas, M. d. (2016). War Games of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Collective Security Treaty Organization: Drills on the Move. Journal of Slavic Military Studies, 29(3), 378-406.
  • Hallams, E. (2009). The Transatlantic Alliance Renewed: The United States and NATO Since 9/11. Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 7(1), 38-60.
  • Hansen, F. S. (2013). Integration in the post-Soviet Space. International Area Studies Review, 16(2), 151-153.
  • Herd, G. P., & Kriendler, J. K. (2013). NATO in an age of uncertainty structural shifts and transatlantic bargains? G. P. Herd, & John Kriendler içinde, Understanding NATO in the 21st Century, Alliance Strategies, Security and Global Governance (s. 1-2). Roudledge.
  • Huntington, S. P. (2014). Batı Tektir, Ama Evrensel Değildir. S. P. v.d. içinde, Medeniyetler Çatışması (s. 126). Vadi Yayınları.
  • Ischinger, W. (2005). Pax Americana and Pax Europea. T. Lindberg içinde, Beyond Paradise and Power: Europe, America and the Future of a Troubled Partnership (s. 81-83). Psychology Press.
  • Jacoby, W. (2004). The Enlargement of the European Union and NATO: Ordering from the Menu in Central Europe . New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kaim, M. (2017). Reforming NATO’s Partnerships . SWP Research Paper, https://www.swpberlin.org/fileadmin/contents/products/research_papers/2017RP01_kim.pdf.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, A. (2014). NATO’nun Dönüşümü. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 10(40), 3-38.
  • Kaufman, J. P. (2002). NATO and The Former Yugoslavia: Crisis, Conflict, and The Atlantic Alliance. Rowman&Littlefield Publishers.
  • Kirchick, J. (2019). Germany Is NATO’s Biggest Freeloader. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/04/03/germany-is-natos-biggest-freeloader/ adresinden alındı
  • Kneuer vd., M. (2018). Playing the Regional Card: Why and How Authoritarian Gravity Centres Exploit Regional Organisations. Third World Quarterly, 451-470.
  • Kneuer, M. v. (2018). Kneuer, Marianne vd. (2018). “Playing the Regional Card: Why and How Authoritarian Gravity Centres Exploit Regional Organisations. Third World Quarterly, 451-470.
  • Komaiko, R. (2009). The hegemon’s Dilemma: Internalizing International Terrorism. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 1(1), 40-49.
  • Larrabee, F. S. (2003). NATO’s Eastern Agenda in a New Strategic Era. RAND.
  • Lo, B. (2020). The Sino Russian Partnership and Global Order. China International Strategy Review, Cilt 2, 306–324.
  • Malone, D. M. (2011). Soft Power in Indian Foreign Policy”. , Cilt 46, No. 36, ss. 35-39. Economic and Political Weekly, 46(36), 35-39.
  • Moore, R. R. (2007). NATO’s New Mission: Projecting Stability in a Post-Cold War World. Westport: Praeger Security International.
  • Movkebaeva, G. A. (2013). Energy Cooperation Among Kazakhstan, Russia, and China within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Russian Politics & Law, 51(1), 80-87.
  • Müller, H. (2018). Pokhran 20 Years After: Did the World Change? Strategic Analysis, 42(3), 194-207.
  • NATO. (2020). https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020a). NATO Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49187.htm. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020b). What is NATO? NATO Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020c). Crisis Management. NATO Resmi Web sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49192.htm. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022). NATO Nedir? https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index_tr.html. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022b). Strategic Concept. NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2022/6/pdf/290622-strategic-concept.pdf. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022c). NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2022/6/pdf/290622-strategic-concept.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Norling, N., & Swanström, N. (2007). The Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Trade, and the Roles of Iran, India and Pakistan. Central Asian Survey, 26(3), 431-432.
  • Oktay, E. G. (2012). NATO’nun Dönüşümü ve Kamu Diplomasisi’nin Artan Rolü. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(16), 125-149. Özkan, B. (2011). Soğuk Savaş Sonrası Amerikan Dış Politikası. SAREM Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi,, 9(16), 79-81.
  • Özlük, E., & Özlük, D. (2014). NATO’yu Anlamak: Dönüşümü, Yeni Kimlikleri ve Uyum Süreçleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (31), 209-225.
  • Prior, T. (2017). NATO: Pushing Boundaries for Resilience. CSS Analyses in Security Policy(213), 1-4.
  • Rodríguez, F., & Rüland, J. (2022). Cooperative Counter hegemony, Interregionalism and ‘Diminished Multilateralism’: the Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Relations with Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Journal of International Relations and Development, 25, 476-496.
  • Rothacher, A. (2008). Allying with an Evil Axis?: The Ambivalent Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Central Asia. The RUSI Journal, 153(1), 68-73.
  • Roy, M. S. (2010). Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Afghanistan: Scope and Limitations. Strategic Analysis, 34(4), 545-561.
  • Roy, M. S. (2012). India’s Options in Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Strategic Analysis, 36(4), 645-648.
  • Rühle, M. (2013). Reflections on 9/11: A View from NATO. E. Hallams, L. Ratti, & B. Zyla içinde, NATO Beyond 9/11 The Transformation of the Atlantic Alliance (s. 54-55). UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Samokhvalov, V. (2017). Russia and its Shared Neighbourhoods: a Comparative Analysis of Russia-EU and Russia-China Relations in the EU’s Eastern Neighbourhood and Central Asia. Contemporary Politics, 24(1), 30-45.
  • Sean, R. (2017). The Eurasian Economic Union: the Geopolitics of Authoritarian Cooperation. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 58(4), 419.
  • Sean, R. (2018). The Biopolitics of China’s “War on Terror” and the Exclusion of the Uyghurs. Critical Asian Studies, 50(2), 232-258.
  • Sharshenova, A., & Crawford, G. (2017). Undermining Western Democracy Promotion in Central Asia: China’s Countervailing Influences, Powers and Impact. Central Asian Survey, 36(4), 453-472.
  • Shea, J. (2013). NATO and The U.S. Pivot to Asia: To Follow or Not to Follow? GMF Policy Brief, http://www.gmfus.org/file/3033/download%20/.
  • Sloan, S. R. (2001). Continuity or Change? The View from America. S. V. vd. içinde, NATO After Fifty Years (s. 11). Delaware: Scholarly Resources.
  • Snyder, G. H. (1997). Alliance Politics. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
  • Song, W. (2014). Interests, Power and China's Difficult Game in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Journal of Contemporary China, 23(85), 85-101.
  • Şahin, G. (2017). Küresel Güvenliğin Dönüşümü: NATO Bağlamında Kavramsal, Tarihsel ve Teorik bir Analiz. Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(2), 59-81.
  • ŞİÖ. (2020). About SCO. ŞİÖ Resmi Web sitesi: http://eng.sectsco.org/about_sco/ adresinden alındı
  • ŞİÖ. (2022). http://eng.sectsco.org/news/20220314/823003.html adresinden alındı
  • Tardy, T. (2006). The EU and NATO as peacekeepers: Open Cooperation versus Implicit Competition” Peacekeeping-Peacebuilding Preparing for the Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • UN. (2022). Shanghai Cooperation Organization. BM Resmi Web Sitesi: https://dppa.un.org/en/shanghai-cooperation-organization. adresinden alındı
  • Wallace, T. (2014). China and the Regional Counter-Terrorism Structure: An Organizational Analysis. Asian Security, 10(3), 199-220.
  • Ward, A., & Hackett, J. (2006). The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Strategic Comments, 12(6), 1-2. doi:10.1080/1356788061265
  • Webber, M. (2013). NATO after 9/11: Theoretical Perspectives. E. Hallams, L. Ratti, & B. Zyla içinde, Webber, Mark (2013). “NATO after 9/11: Theoretical Perspectives”, (ed) Ellen Hallams, Luca Ratti, Benjamin ZylNATO Beyond 9/11 The Transformation of the Atlantic Alliance (s. 27-28). UK: Palgrave Macmillan,.
  • Weitz, R. (2006). Towards a New Turkey-NATO Partnership in Central Asia. Turkish Policy Quarterly, 5(2), 121-131.
  • Xu, B., & Reisinger, W. M. (2018). Russia’s energy diplomacy with China: Personalism and Institutionalism in its Policy-Making Process. The Pacific Review, 1-19.
  • Yilmaz, S., & Liu, C. (2018). China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Strategy in Eurasia and Euro-Atlanticism. Europe-Asia Studies, 70(2), 252-276.
  • Yuan, J.-D. (2010). China’s Role in Establishing and Building the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Journal of Contemporary China, , 19(67), 855-869.
  • Zapolskis, M. (2012). 1999 and 2010 NATO Strategic Concepts: A Comparative Analysis. Lithuanian Annual Strategic Review, 10(1), 35-56.
  • Zhao, S. (2018). A Revisionist Stakeholder: China and the Post-World War II World Order. Journal of Contemporary China.
  • Zhou, W., & Esteban, M. (2018). Beyond Balancing: China’s Approach towards the Belt and Road Initiative. Journal of Contemporary China, 481-501.
Year 2023, Issue: 51, 1 - 17, 31.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.52642/susbed.1219408

Abstract

Project Number

Yok

References

  • Akbarzadeh, S. (2015). Iran and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Ideology and Realpolitik in Iranian Foreign Policy. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 69(1), 88-103.
  • Aktürk, Ş. (2012). NATO Neden Genişledi? Uluslararası İlişkiler Kuramları Işığında NATO’nun Genişlemesi ve ABD-Rusya İç Siyaseti. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(34), 73-97.
  • Ambrosio, T. (2008). Catching the ‘Shanghai Spirit’: How the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Promotes Authoritarian Norms in Central Asia. Europe-Asia Studies, 60(8), 1321-1344.
  • Ambrosio, T. (2017). The Architecture of Alignment: The Russia–China Relationship and International Agreements. Europe-Asia Studies, 69(1), 110-156.
  • Aris, S. (2009). The Shanghai Cooperation Organization: ‘Tackling the Three Evils’. A Regional Response to Non-traditional Security Challenges or an Anti-Western Bloc? Europe-Asia Studies, Cilt 61, No. 3, ss. 457-482., 61(3), 457-482.
  • Aris, S. (2012). The Response of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to the Crisis in Kyrgyzstan. Civil Wars, 14(3), 451-476.
  • Aris, S., & Snetkov, A. (2013). Global Alternatives, Regional Stability and Common Causes: the International Politics of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and its Relationship to the West. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 54(2), 202-226.
  • Asmus, R. D., L., K. R., & Larrabee, F. S. (1993). Building A New NATO. Foreign Affairs: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/southeastern-europe/1993-09-01/building-new-nato adresinden alındı
  • Baubek vd., S. (2015). Shanghai Cooperation Organization and its Activities in Ensuring Human and Social Security. Anthropologist, 22(3), 510-517.
  • Bıçakcı, S. (2014). NATO’nun Gelişen Tehdit Algısı: 21. Yüzyılda Siber Güvenlik. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 10(40), 101-130.
  • Bingöl, O. (2012). NATO’nun Yeni Stratejik Konsepti, Türkiye ve Afganistan. M. S. Erol, & E. Efegil içinde, Türk Dış Politikasında Güvenlik Arayışları: Temel Faktörler, Kavramlar, Süreç ve Gelişmeler. Barış Kitap. .
  • Biresselioğlu, M. E. (2012). NATO’nun Değişen Enerji Güvenliği Algısı: Türkiye’nin Olası Konumu. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(34), 227-252.
  • Brownlee, J. (2017). The Limited Reach of Authoritarian Powers. Democratization, 24(7), 1326-1344.
  • Caparini, M. (2002). Security Sector Reform and NATO and EU Enlargement, SIPRI Yearbook 2003: Armaments. Disarmament and International Security, 237-260.
  • Chomsky, N. (2017). Güç Kimin Elinde? İnkılâp Kitabevi.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2004). The Shanghai Co-operation Organization: China’s Changing Influence in Central Asia. The China Quarterly, 180, 990-993.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2004). The Shanghai Co-operation Organization: China’s Changing Influence in Central Asia. The China Quarterly, 180, 990-993.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2006). China and the Institutionalization of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Problems of Post-Communism, Cilt 53, No. 5, ss. 3-14., 53(5), 3-14.
  • Clarke, M. (2018). The Belt and Road Initiative: Exploring Beijing’s Motivations and Challenges for its New Silk Road. Strategic Analysis, 42(2), 84-102.
  • Coning, d. C. (2006). “The Future of Peacekeeping in Africa”, Peacekeeping- Peacebuilding Preparing For The Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • Consensus decision-making at NATO . (2022a). NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_49178.htm. adresinden alındı
  • Cooper, A. F., & Stubbs, R. (2017). Contending Regionalisms: Hubs and Challengers in the Americas and the Asia-Pacific. The Pacific Review, 30(5), 615-632.
  • Crosston, M. (2013). The Pluto of International Organizations: Micro- Agendas, IO Theory, and Dismissing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Comparative Strategy, 32(3), 283-294.
  • Çolakoğlu, E. (2015). NATO’nun Çevreye İlişkin Rolü. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(33), 101-112.
  • Çolakoğlu, S. (2004). Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Geleceği ve Çin. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 1(1), 173-197.
  • Dadabaev, T. (2014). Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Regional Identity Formation from the Perspective of the Central Asia States. Journal of Contemporary China, 23(85), 102-118.
  • Demir, S., & Eminoğlu, A. (2018). Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi,(52), 115-142.
  • Doğan, N. (2005). NATO’nun Örgütsel Değişimi, 1949- 1999: Kuzey-Atlantik İttifakından Avrupa-Atlantik Güvenlik Örgütü. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 60(03), 69-108.
  • Dze, S. (2017). China’s Role in the New Stage of Russia’s Development of Its Eastern Regions. Problems of Economic Transition, 59(10), 768-774. .
  • Eide, E. B. (2006). “From peacekeeping to peacebuilding”, Peacekeeping-Peacebuilding Preparing for the Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • Eminoğlu, S. D. (2018). “Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi(52), 115-142.
  • Eminoğlu, S. D. (2018). Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi,(52), 115-142. Foot, R. (2020). China’s rise and US hegemony: Renegotiating Hegemonic Order in East Asia? International Politics, Cilt 57, ss. 150–165., 57, 150-165.
  • Frantzen, H. A. (2005). NATO and Peace Support Operations, 1991-1999: Policies and Doctrines. London: Frank Cass.
  • Gheciu, A. (2005). NATO in the “New Europe”: The Politics of International Socialization after the Cold War. Stanford University Press.
  • Gulick, J. (2007). Russo-Chinese Energy Cooperation: Stepping Stone from Strategic Partnership to Geo-economic Integration? International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 48(2-3), 203-2033.
  • Gürkaynak, M. (2005). Soğuk Savaş Sonrasında NATO ve Avrupa Güvenliği. Gürkaynak, Muharrem (2005). “Soğuk Savaş Sonrasında NATO ve Avrupa Güvenliği”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(1), 7-27.
  • Haas, M. d. (2016). War Games of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Collective Security Treaty Organization: Drills on the Move. Journal of Slavic Military Studies, 29(3), 378-406.
  • Hallams, E. (2009). The Transatlantic Alliance Renewed: The United States and NATO Since 9/11. Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 7(1), 38-60.
  • Hansen, F. S. (2013). Integration in the post-Soviet Space. International Area Studies Review, 16(2), 151-153.
  • Herd, G. P., & Kriendler, J. K. (2013). NATO in an age of uncertainty structural shifts and transatlantic bargains? G. P. Herd, & John Kriendler içinde, Understanding NATO in the 21st Century, Alliance Strategies, Security and Global Governance (s. 1-2). Roudledge.
  • Huntington, S. P. (2014). Batı Tektir, Ama Evrensel Değildir. S. P. v.d. içinde, Medeniyetler Çatışması (s. 126). Vadi Yayınları.
  • Ischinger, W. (2005). Pax Americana and Pax Europea. T. Lindberg içinde, Beyond Paradise and Power: Europe, America and the Future of a Troubled Partnership (s. 81-83). Psychology Press.
  • Jacoby, W. (2004). The Enlargement of the European Union and NATO: Ordering from the Menu in Central Europe . New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kaim, M. (2017). Reforming NATO’s Partnerships . SWP Research Paper, https://www.swpberlin.org/fileadmin/contents/products/research_papers/2017RP01_kim.pdf.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, A. (2014). NATO’nun Dönüşümü. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 10(40), 3-38.
  • Kaufman, J. P. (2002). NATO and The Former Yugoslavia: Crisis, Conflict, and The Atlantic Alliance. Rowman&Littlefield Publishers.
  • Kirchick, J. (2019). Germany Is NATO’s Biggest Freeloader. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/04/03/germany-is-natos-biggest-freeloader/ adresinden alındı
  • Kneuer vd., M. (2018). Playing the Regional Card: Why and How Authoritarian Gravity Centres Exploit Regional Organisations. Third World Quarterly, 451-470.
  • Kneuer, M. v. (2018). Kneuer, Marianne vd. (2018). “Playing the Regional Card: Why and How Authoritarian Gravity Centres Exploit Regional Organisations. Third World Quarterly, 451-470.
  • Komaiko, R. (2009). The hegemon’s Dilemma: Internalizing International Terrorism. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 1(1), 40-49.
  • Larrabee, F. S. (2003). NATO’s Eastern Agenda in a New Strategic Era. RAND.
  • Lo, B. (2020). The Sino Russian Partnership and Global Order. China International Strategy Review, Cilt 2, 306–324.
  • Malone, D. M. (2011). Soft Power in Indian Foreign Policy”. , Cilt 46, No. 36, ss. 35-39. Economic and Political Weekly, 46(36), 35-39.
  • Moore, R. R. (2007). NATO’s New Mission: Projecting Stability in a Post-Cold War World. Westport: Praeger Security International.
  • Movkebaeva, G. A. (2013). Energy Cooperation Among Kazakhstan, Russia, and China within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Russian Politics & Law, 51(1), 80-87.
  • Müller, H. (2018). Pokhran 20 Years After: Did the World Change? Strategic Analysis, 42(3), 194-207.
  • NATO. (2020). https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020a). NATO Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49187.htm. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020b). What is NATO? NATO Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020c). Crisis Management. NATO Resmi Web sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49192.htm. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022). NATO Nedir? https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index_tr.html. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022b). Strategic Concept. NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2022/6/pdf/290622-strategic-concept.pdf. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022c). NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2022/6/pdf/290622-strategic-concept.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Norling, N., & Swanström, N. (2007). The Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Trade, and the Roles of Iran, India and Pakistan. Central Asian Survey, 26(3), 431-432.
  • Oktay, E. G. (2012). NATO’nun Dönüşümü ve Kamu Diplomasisi’nin Artan Rolü. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(16), 125-149. Özkan, B. (2011). Soğuk Savaş Sonrası Amerikan Dış Politikası. SAREM Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi,, 9(16), 79-81.
  • Özlük, E., & Özlük, D. (2014). NATO’yu Anlamak: Dönüşümü, Yeni Kimlikleri ve Uyum Süreçleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (31), 209-225.
  • Prior, T. (2017). NATO: Pushing Boundaries for Resilience. CSS Analyses in Security Policy(213), 1-4.
  • Rodríguez, F., & Rüland, J. (2022). Cooperative Counter hegemony, Interregionalism and ‘Diminished Multilateralism’: the Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Relations with Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Journal of International Relations and Development, 25, 476-496.
  • Rothacher, A. (2008). Allying with an Evil Axis?: The Ambivalent Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Central Asia. The RUSI Journal, 153(1), 68-73.
  • Roy, M. S. (2010). Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Afghanistan: Scope and Limitations. Strategic Analysis, 34(4), 545-561.
  • Roy, M. S. (2012). India’s Options in Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Strategic Analysis, 36(4), 645-648.
  • Rühle, M. (2013). Reflections on 9/11: A View from NATO. E. Hallams, L. Ratti, & B. Zyla içinde, NATO Beyond 9/11 The Transformation of the Atlantic Alliance (s. 54-55). UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Samokhvalov, V. (2017). Russia and its Shared Neighbourhoods: a Comparative Analysis of Russia-EU and Russia-China Relations in the EU’s Eastern Neighbourhood and Central Asia. Contemporary Politics, 24(1), 30-45.
  • Sean, R. (2017). The Eurasian Economic Union: the Geopolitics of Authoritarian Cooperation. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 58(4), 419.
  • Sean, R. (2018). The Biopolitics of China’s “War on Terror” and the Exclusion of the Uyghurs. Critical Asian Studies, 50(2), 232-258.
  • Sharshenova, A., & Crawford, G. (2017). Undermining Western Democracy Promotion in Central Asia: China’s Countervailing Influences, Powers and Impact. Central Asian Survey, 36(4), 453-472.
  • Shea, J. (2013). NATO and The U.S. Pivot to Asia: To Follow or Not to Follow? GMF Policy Brief, http://www.gmfus.org/file/3033/download%20/.
  • Sloan, S. R. (2001). Continuity or Change? The View from America. S. V. vd. içinde, NATO After Fifty Years (s. 11). Delaware: Scholarly Resources.
  • Snyder, G. H. (1997). Alliance Politics. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
  • Song, W. (2014). Interests, Power and China's Difficult Game in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Journal of Contemporary China, 23(85), 85-101.
  • Şahin, G. (2017). Küresel Güvenliğin Dönüşümü: NATO Bağlamında Kavramsal, Tarihsel ve Teorik bir Analiz. Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(2), 59-81.
  • ŞİÖ. (2020). About SCO. ŞİÖ Resmi Web sitesi: http://eng.sectsco.org/about_sco/ adresinden alındı
  • ŞİÖ. (2022). http://eng.sectsco.org/news/20220314/823003.html adresinden alındı
  • Tardy, T. (2006). The EU and NATO as peacekeepers: Open Cooperation versus Implicit Competition” Peacekeeping-Peacebuilding Preparing for the Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • UN. (2022). Shanghai Cooperation Organization. BM Resmi Web Sitesi: https://dppa.un.org/en/shanghai-cooperation-organization. adresinden alındı
  • Wallace, T. (2014). China and the Regional Counter-Terrorism Structure: An Organizational Analysis. Asian Security, 10(3), 199-220.
  • Ward, A., & Hackett, J. (2006). The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Strategic Comments, 12(6), 1-2. doi:10.1080/1356788061265
  • Webber, M. (2013). NATO after 9/11: Theoretical Perspectives. E. Hallams, L. Ratti, & B. Zyla içinde, Webber, Mark (2013). “NATO after 9/11: Theoretical Perspectives”, (ed) Ellen Hallams, Luca Ratti, Benjamin ZylNATO Beyond 9/11 The Transformation of the Atlantic Alliance (s. 27-28). UK: Palgrave Macmillan,.
  • Weitz, R. (2006). Towards a New Turkey-NATO Partnership in Central Asia. Turkish Policy Quarterly, 5(2), 121-131.
  • Xu, B., & Reisinger, W. M. (2018). Russia’s energy diplomacy with China: Personalism and Institutionalism in its Policy-Making Process. The Pacific Review, 1-19.
  • Yilmaz, S., & Liu, C. (2018). China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Strategy in Eurasia and Euro-Atlanticism. Europe-Asia Studies, 70(2), 252-276.
  • Yuan, J.-D. (2010). China’s Role in Establishing and Building the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Journal of Contemporary China, , 19(67), 855-869.
  • Zapolskis, M. (2012). 1999 and 2010 NATO Strategic Concepts: A Comparative Analysis. Lithuanian Annual Strategic Review, 10(1), 35-56.
  • Zhao, S. (2018). A Revisionist Stakeholder: China and the Post-World War II World Order. Journal of Contemporary China.
  • Zhou, W., & Esteban, M. (2018). Beyond Balancing: China’s Approach towards the Belt and Road Initiative. Journal of Contemporary China, 481-501.
Year 2023, Issue: 51, 1 - 17, 31.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.52642/susbed.1219408

Abstract

Project Number

Yok

References

  • Akbarzadeh, S. (2015). Iran and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Ideology and Realpolitik in Iranian Foreign Policy. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 69(1), 88-103.
  • Aktürk, Ş. (2012). NATO Neden Genişledi? Uluslararası İlişkiler Kuramları Işığında NATO’nun Genişlemesi ve ABD-Rusya İç Siyaseti. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(34), 73-97.
  • Ambrosio, T. (2008). Catching the ‘Shanghai Spirit’: How the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Promotes Authoritarian Norms in Central Asia. Europe-Asia Studies, 60(8), 1321-1344.
  • Ambrosio, T. (2017). The Architecture of Alignment: The Russia–China Relationship and International Agreements. Europe-Asia Studies, 69(1), 110-156.
  • Aris, S. (2009). The Shanghai Cooperation Organization: ‘Tackling the Three Evils’. A Regional Response to Non-traditional Security Challenges or an Anti-Western Bloc? Europe-Asia Studies, Cilt 61, No. 3, ss. 457-482., 61(3), 457-482.
  • Aris, S. (2012). The Response of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to the Crisis in Kyrgyzstan. Civil Wars, 14(3), 451-476.
  • Aris, S., & Snetkov, A. (2013). Global Alternatives, Regional Stability and Common Causes: the International Politics of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and its Relationship to the West. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 54(2), 202-226.
  • Asmus, R. D., L., K. R., & Larrabee, F. S. (1993). Building A New NATO. Foreign Affairs: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/southeastern-europe/1993-09-01/building-new-nato adresinden alındı
  • Baubek vd., S. (2015). Shanghai Cooperation Organization and its Activities in Ensuring Human and Social Security. Anthropologist, 22(3), 510-517.
  • Bıçakcı, S. (2014). NATO’nun Gelişen Tehdit Algısı: 21. Yüzyılda Siber Güvenlik. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 10(40), 101-130.
  • Bingöl, O. (2012). NATO’nun Yeni Stratejik Konsepti, Türkiye ve Afganistan. M. S. Erol, & E. Efegil içinde, Türk Dış Politikasında Güvenlik Arayışları: Temel Faktörler, Kavramlar, Süreç ve Gelişmeler. Barış Kitap. .
  • Biresselioğlu, M. E. (2012). NATO’nun Değişen Enerji Güvenliği Algısı: Türkiye’nin Olası Konumu. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(34), 227-252.
  • Brownlee, J. (2017). The Limited Reach of Authoritarian Powers. Democratization, 24(7), 1326-1344.
  • Caparini, M. (2002). Security Sector Reform and NATO and EU Enlargement, SIPRI Yearbook 2003: Armaments. Disarmament and International Security, 237-260.
  • Chomsky, N. (2017). Güç Kimin Elinde? İnkılâp Kitabevi.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2004). The Shanghai Co-operation Organization: China’s Changing Influence in Central Asia. The China Quarterly, 180, 990-993.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2004). The Shanghai Co-operation Organization: China’s Changing Influence in Central Asia. The China Quarterly, 180, 990-993.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2006). China and the Institutionalization of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Problems of Post-Communism, Cilt 53, No. 5, ss. 3-14., 53(5), 3-14.
  • Clarke, M. (2018). The Belt and Road Initiative: Exploring Beijing’s Motivations and Challenges for its New Silk Road. Strategic Analysis, 42(2), 84-102.
  • Coning, d. C. (2006). “The Future of Peacekeeping in Africa”, Peacekeeping- Peacebuilding Preparing For The Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • Consensus decision-making at NATO . (2022a). NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_49178.htm. adresinden alındı
  • Cooper, A. F., & Stubbs, R. (2017). Contending Regionalisms: Hubs and Challengers in the Americas and the Asia-Pacific. The Pacific Review, 30(5), 615-632.
  • Crosston, M. (2013). The Pluto of International Organizations: Micro- Agendas, IO Theory, and Dismissing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Comparative Strategy, 32(3), 283-294.
  • Çolakoğlu, E. (2015). NATO’nun Çevreye İlişkin Rolü. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(33), 101-112.
  • Çolakoğlu, S. (2004). Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Geleceği ve Çin. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 1(1), 173-197.
  • Dadabaev, T. (2014). Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Regional Identity Formation from the Perspective of the Central Asia States. Journal of Contemporary China, 23(85), 102-118.
  • Demir, S., & Eminoğlu, A. (2018). Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi,(52), 115-142.
  • Doğan, N. (2005). NATO’nun Örgütsel Değişimi, 1949- 1999: Kuzey-Atlantik İttifakından Avrupa-Atlantik Güvenlik Örgütü. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 60(03), 69-108.
  • Dze, S. (2017). China’s Role in the New Stage of Russia’s Development of Its Eastern Regions. Problems of Economic Transition, 59(10), 768-774. .
  • Eide, E. B. (2006). “From peacekeeping to peacebuilding”, Peacekeeping-Peacebuilding Preparing for the Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • Eminoğlu, S. D. (2018). “Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi(52), 115-142.
  • Eminoğlu, S. D. (2018). Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi,(52), 115-142. Foot, R. (2020). China’s rise and US hegemony: Renegotiating Hegemonic Order in East Asia? International Politics, Cilt 57, ss. 150–165., 57, 150-165.
  • Frantzen, H. A. (2005). NATO and Peace Support Operations, 1991-1999: Policies and Doctrines. London: Frank Cass.
  • Gheciu, A. (2005). NATO in the “New Europe”: The Politics of International Socialization after the Cold War. Stanford University Press.
  • Gulick, J. (2007). Russo-Chinese Energy Cooperation: Stepping Stone from Strategic Partnership to Geo-economic Integration? International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 48(2-3), 203-2033.
  • Gürkaynak, M. (2005). Soğuk Savaş Sonrasında NATO ve Avrupa Güvenliği. Gürkaynak, Muharrem (2005). “Soğuk Savaş Sonrasında NATO ve Avrupa Güvenliği”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(1), 7-27.
  • Haas, M. d. (2016). War Games of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Collective Security Treaty Organization: Drills on the Move. Journal of Slavic Military Studies, 29(3), 378-406.
  • Hallams, E. (2009). The Transatlantic Alliance Renewed: The United States and NATO Since 9/11. Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 7(1), 38-60.
  • Hansen, F. S. (2013). Integration in the post-Soviet Space. International Area Studies Review, 16(2), 151-153.
  • Herd, G. P., & Kriendler, J. K. (2013). NATO in an age of uncertainty structural shifts and transatlantic bargains? G. P. Herd, & John Kriendler içinde, Understanding NATO in the 21st Century, Alliance Strategies, Security and Global Governance (s. 1-2). Roudledge.
  • Huntington, S. P. (2014). Batı Tektir, Ama Evrensel Değildir. S. P. v.d. içinde, Medeniyetler Çatışması (s. 126). Vadi Yayınları.
  • Ischinger, W. (2005). Pax Americana and Pax Europea. T. Lindberg içinde, Beyond Paradise and Power: Europe, America and the Future of a Troubled Partnership (s. 81-83). Psychology Press.
  • Jacoby, W. (2004). The Enlargement of the European Union and NATO: Ordering from the Menu in Central Europe . New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kaim, M. (2017). Reforming NATO’s Partnerships . SWP Research Paper, https://www.swpberlin.org/fileadmin/contents/products/research_papers/2017RP01_kim.pdf.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, A. (2014). NATO’nun Dönüşümü. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 10(40), 3-38.
  • Kaufman, J. P. (2002). NATO and The Former Yugoslavia: Crisis, Conflict, and The Atlantic Alliance. Rowman&Littlefield Publishers.
  • Kirchick, J. (2019). Germany Is NATO’s Biggest Freeloader. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/04/03/germany-is-natos-biggest-freeloader/ adresinden alındı
  • Kneuer vd., M. (2018). Playing the Regional Card: Why and How Authoritarian Gravity Centres Exploit Regional Organisations. Third World Quarterly, 451-470.
  • Kneuer, M. v. (2018). Kneuer, Marianne vd. (2018). “Playing the Regional Card: Why and How Authoritarian Gravity Centres Exploit Regional Organisations. Third World Quarterly, 451-470.
  • Komaiko, R. (2009). The hegemon’s Dilemma: Internalizing International Terrorism. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 1(1), 40-49.
  • Larrabee, F. S. (2003). NATO’s Eastern Agenda in a New Strategic Era. RAND.
  • Lo, B. (2020). The Sino Russian Partnership and Global Order. China International Strategy Review, Cilt 2, 306–324.
  • Malone, D. M. (2011). Soft Power in Indian Foreign Policy”. , Cilt 46, No. 36, ss. 35-39. Economic and Political Weekly, 46(36), 35-39.
  • Moore, R. R. (2007). NATO’s New Mission: Projecting Stability in a Post-Cold War World. Westport: Praeger Security International.
  • Movkebaeva, G. A. (2013). Energy Cooperation Among Kazakhstan, Russia, and China within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Russian Politics & Law, 51(1), 80-87.
  • Müller, H. (2018). Pokhran 20 Years After: Did the World Change? Strategic Analysis, 42(3), 194-207.
  • NATO. (2020). https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020a). NATO Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49187.htm. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020b). What is NATO? NATO Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020c). Crisis Management. NATO Resmi Web sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49192.htm. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022). NATO Nedir? https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index_tr.html. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022b). Strategic Concept. NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2022/6/pdf/290622-strategic-concept.pdf. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022c). NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2022/6/pdf/290622-strategic-concept.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Norling, N., & Swanström, N. (2007). The Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Trade, and the Roles of Iran, India and Pakistan. Central Asian Survey, 26(3), 431-432.
  • Oktay, E. G. (2012). NATO’nun Dönüşümü ve Kamu Diplomasisi’nin Artan Rolü. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(16), 125-149. Özkan, B. (2011). Soğuk Savaş Sonrası Amerikan Dış Politikası. SAREM Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi,, 9(16), 79-81.
  • Özlük, E., & Özlük, D. (2014). NATO’yu Anlamak: Dönüşümü, Yeni Kimlikleri ve Uyum Süreçleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (31), 209-225.
  • Prior, T. (2017). NATO: Pushing Boundaries for Resilience. CSS Analyses in Security Policy(213), 1-4.
  • Rodríguez, F., & Rüland, J. (2022). Cooperative Counter hegemony, Interregionalism and ‘Diminished Multilateralism’: the Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Relations with Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Journal of International Relations and Development, 25, 476-496.
  • Rothacher, A. (2008). Allying with an Evil Axis?: The Ambivalent Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Central Asia. The RUSI Journal, 153(1), 68-73.
  • Roy, M. S. (2010). Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Afghanistan: Scope and Limitations. Strategic Analysis, 34(4), 545-561.
  • Roy, M. S. (2012). India’s Options in Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Strategic Analysis, 36(4), 645-648.
  • Rühle, M. (2013). Reflections on 9/11: A View from NATO. E. Hallams, L. Ratti, & B. Zyla içinde, NATO Beyond 9/11 The Transformation of the Atlantic Alliance (s. 54-55). UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Samokhvalov, V. (2017). Russia and its Shared Neighbourhoods: a Comparative Analysis of Russia-EU and Russia-China Relations in the EU’s Eastern Neighbourhood and Central Asia. Contemporary Politics, 24(1), 30-45.
  • Sean, R. (2017). The Eurasian Economic Union: the Geopolitics of Authoritarian Cooperation. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 58(4), 419.
  • Sean, R. (2018). The Biopolitics of China’s “War on Terror” and the Exclusion of the Uyghurs. Critical Asian Studies, 50(2), 232-258.
  • Sharshenova, A., & Crawford, G. (2017). Undermining Western Democracy Promotion in Central Asia: China’s Countervailing Influences, Powers and Impact. Central Asian Survey, 36(4), 453-472.
  • Shea, J. (2013). NATO and The U.S. Pivot to Asia: To Follow or Not to Follow? GMF Policy Brief, http://www.gmfus.org/file/3033/download%20/.
  • Sloan, S. R. (2001). Continuity or Change? The View from America. S. V. vd. içinde, NATO After Fifty Years (s. 11). Delaware: Scholarly Resources.
  • Snyder, G. H. (1997). Alliance Politics. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
  • Song, W. (2014). Interests, Power and China's Difficult Game in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Journal of Contemporary China, 23(85), 85-101.
  • Şahin, G. (2017). Küresel Güvenliğin Dönüşümü: NATO Bağlamında Kavramsal, Tarihsel ve Teorik bir Analiz. Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(2), 59-81.
  • ŞİÖ. (2020). About SCO. ŞİÖ Resmi Web sitesi: http://eng.sectsco.org/about_sco/ adresinden alındı
  • ŞİÖ. (2022). http://eng.sectsco.org/news/20220314/823003.html adresinden alındı
  • Tardy, T. (2006). The EU and NATO as peacekeepers: Open Cooperation versus Implicit Competition” Peacekeeping-Peacebuilding Preparing for the Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • UN. (2022). Shanghai Cooperation Organization. BM Resmi Web Sitesi: https://dppa.un.org/en/shanghai-cooperation-organization. adresinden alındı
  • Wallace, T. (2014). China and the Regional Counter-Terrorism Structure: An Organizational Analysis. Asian Security, 10(3), 199-220.
  • Ward, A., & Hackett, J. (2006). The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Strategic Comments, 12(6), 1-2. doi:10.1080/1356788061265
  • Webber, M. (2013). NATO after 9/11: Theoretical Perspectives. E. Hallams, L. Ratti, & B. Zyla içinde, Webber, Mark (2013). “NATO after 9/11: Theoretical Perspectives”, (ed) Ellen Hallams, Luca Ratti, Benjamin ZylNATO Beyond 9/11 The Transformation of the Atlantic Alliance (s. 27-28). UK: Palgrave Macmillan,.
  • Weitz, R. (2006). Towards a New Turkey-NATO Partnership in Central Asia. Turkish Policy Quarterly, 5(2), 121-131.
  • Xu, B., & Reisinger, W. M. (2018). Russia’s energy diplomacy with China: Personalism and Institutionalism in its Policy-Making Process. The Pacific Review, 1-19.
  • Yilmaz, S., & Liu, C. (2018). China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Strategy in Eurasia and Euro-Atlanticism. Europe-Asia Studies, 70(2), 252-276.
  • Yuan, J.-D. (2010). China’s Role in Establishing and Building the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Journal of Contemporary China, , 19(67), 855-869.
  • Zapolskis, M. (2012). 1999 and 2010 NATO Strategic Concepts: A Comparative Analysis. Lithuanian Annual Strategic Review, 10(1), 35-56.
  • Zhao, S. (2018). A Revisionist Stakeholder: China and the Post-World War II World Order. Journal of Contemporary China.
  • Zhou, W., & Esteban, M. (2018). Beyond Balancing: China’s Approach towards the Belt and Road Initiative. Journal of Contemporary China, 481-501.

Comparative Analysis of Counter-Terrorism Strategies of Nato and Shanghai Cooperation Organization

Year 2023, Issue: 51, 1 - 17, 31.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.52642/susbed.1219408

Abstract

In this study, the counter-terrorism strategies of NATO and Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the problem of trust among their members are discussed comparatively. NATO and the SCO, which are regional organizations, have been established as a product of the search for security. However, both of the two organizations consider differently about the security problem. While NATO prioritizes classical threats, SCO prioritizes the non-traditional threats. Likewise, while NATO emerged as a military alliance against the USSR, a destructive enemy, SCO was established against terrorism, separatism and extremism, which they defined as three devils. The agendas of both organizations have been developing and transforming since the day they were founded. It can be said that NATO sees fighting terrorism as a secondary issue since it has not changed its priorities much in this developing process. On the other hand, it can be argued that the level of cooperation in the fight against terrorism has developed and deepened since its founding day because of the SCO's priorities on fighting against three devils. This study primarily uses a descriptive method while dealing with the two organizations' fight against terrorism.

Project Number

Yok

References

  • Akbarzadeh, S. (2015). Iran and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Ideology and Realpolitik in Iranian Foreign Policy. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 69(1), 88-103.
  • Aktürk, Ş. (2012). NATO Neden Genişledi? Uluslararası İlişkiler Kuramları Işığında NATO’nun Genişlemesi ve ABD-Rusya İç Siyaseti. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(34), 73-97.
  • Ambrosio, T. (2008). Catching the ‘Shanghai Spirit’: How the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Promotes Authoritarian Norms in Central Asia. Europe-Asia Studies, 60(8), 1321-1344.
  • Ambrosio, T. (2017). The Architecture of Alignment: The Russia–China Relationship and International Agreements. Europe-Asia Studies, 69(1), 110-156.
  • Aris, S. (2009). The Shanghai Cooperation Organization: ‘Tackling the Three Evils’. A Regional Response to Non-traditional Security Challenges or an Anti-Western Bloc? Europe-Asia Studies, Cilt 61, No. 3, ss. 457-482., 61(3), 457-482.
  • Aris, S. (2012). The Response of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to the Crisis in Kyrgyzstan. Civil Wars, 14(3), 451-476.
  • Aris, S., & Snetkov, A. (2013). Global Alternatives, Regional Stability and Common Causes: the International Politics of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and its Relationship to the West. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 54(2), 202-226.
  • Asmus, R. D., L., K. R., & Larrabee, F. S. (1993). Building A New NATO. Foreign Affairs: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/southeastern-europe/1993-09-01/building-new-nato adresinden alındı
  • Baubek vd., S. (2015). Shanghai Cooperation Organization and its Activities in Ensuring Human and Social Security. Anthropologist, 22(3), 510-517.
  • Bıçakcı, S. (2014). NATO’nun Gelişen Tehdit Algısı: 21. Yüzyılda Siber Güvenlik. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 10(40), 101-130.
  • Bingöl, O. (2012). NATO’nun Yeni Stratejik Konsepti, Türkiye ve Afganistan. M. S. Erol, & E. Efegil içinde, Türk Dış Politikasında Güvenlik Arayışları: Temel Faktörler, Kavramlar, Süreç ve Gelişmeler. Barış Kitap. .
  • Biresselioğlu, M. E. (2012). NATO’nun Değişen Enerji Güvenliği Algısı: Türkiye’nin Olası Konumu. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(34), 227-252.
  • Brownlee, J. (2017). The Limited Reach of Authoritarian Powers. Democratization, 24(7), 1326-1344.
  • Caparini, M. (2002). Security Sector Reform and NATO and EU Enlargement, SIPRI Yearbook 2003: Armaments. Disarmament and International Security, 237-260.
  • Chomsky, N. (2017). Güç Kimin Elinde? İnkılâp Kitabevi.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2004). The Shanghai Co-operation Organization: China’s Changing Influence in Central Asia. The China Quarterly, 180, 990-993.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2004). The Shanghai Co-operation Organization: China’s Changing Influence in Central Asia. The China Quarterly, 180, 990-993.
  • Chung, C.-p. (2006). China and the Institutionalization of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Problems of Post-Communism, Cilt 53, No. 5, ss. 3-14., 53(5), 3-14.
  • Clarke, M. (2018). The Belt and Road Initiative: Exploring Beijing’s Motivations and Challenges for its New Silk Road. Strategic Analysis, 42(2), 84-102.
  • Coning, d. C. (2006). “The Future of Peacekeeping in Africa”, Peacekeeping- Peacebuilding Preparing For The Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • Consensus decision-making at NATO . (2022a). NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_49178.htm. adresinden alındı
  • Cooper, A. F., & Stubbs, R. (2017). Contending Regionalisms: Hubs and Challengers in the Americas and the Asia-Pacific. The Pacific Review, 30(5), 615-632.
  • Crosston, M. (2013). The Pluto of International Organizations: Micro- Agendas, IO Theory, and Dismissing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Comparative Strategy, 32(3), 283-294.
  • Çolakoğlu, E. (2015). NATO’nun Çevreye İlişkin Rolü. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(33), 101-112.
  • Çolakoğlu, S. (2004). Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Geleceği ve Çin. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 1(1), 173-197.
  • Dadabaev, T. (2014). Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Regional Identity Formation from the Perspective of the Central Asia States. Journal of Contemporary China, 23(85), 102-118.
  • Demir, S., & Eminoğlu, A. (2018). Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi,(52), 115-142.
  • Doğan, N. (2005). NATO’nun Örgütsel Değişimi, 1949- 1999: Kuzey-Atlantik İttifakından Avrupa-Atlantik Güvenlik Örgütü. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 60(03), 69-108.
  • Dze, S. (2017). China’s Role in the New Stage of Russia’s Development of Its Eastern Regions. Problems of Economic Transition, 59(10), 768-774. .
  • Eide, E. B. (2006). “From peacekeeping to peacebuilding”, Peacekeeping-Peacebuilding Preparing for the Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • Eminoğlu, S. D. (2018). “Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi(52), 115-142.
  • Eminoğlu, S. D. (2018). Küresel Rekabetin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ). Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi,(52), 115-142. Foot, R. (2020). China’s rise and US hegemony: Renegotiating Hegemonic Order in East Asia? International Politics, Cilt 57, ss. 150–165., 57, 150-165.
  • Frantzen, H. A. (2005). NATO and Peace Support Operations, 1991-1999: Policies and Doctrines. London: Frank Cass.
  • Gheciu, A. (2005). NATO in the “New Europe”: The Politics of International Socialization after the Cold War. Stanford University Press.
  • Gulick, J. (2007). Russo-Chinese Energy Cooperation: Stepping Stone from Strategic Partnership to Geo-economic Integration? International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 48(2-3), 203-2033.
  • Gürkaynak, M. (2005). Soğuk Savaş Sonrasında NATO ve Avrupa Güvenliği. Gürkaynak, Muharrem (2005). “Soğuk Savaş Sonrasında NATO ve Avrupa Güvenliği”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(1), 7-27.
  • Haas, M. d. (2016). War Games of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Collective Security Treaty Organization: Drills on the Move. Journal of Slavic Military Studies, 29(3), 378-406.
  • Hallams, E. (2009). The Transatlantic Alliance Renewed: The United States and NATO Since 9/11. Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 7(1), 38-60.
  • Hansen, F. S. (2013). Integration in the post-Soviet Space. International Area Studies Review, 16(2), 151-153.
  • Herd, G. P., & Kriendler, J. K. (2013). NATO in an age of uncertainty structural shifts and transatlantic bargains? G. P. Herd, & John Kriendler içinde, Understanding NATO in the 21st Century, Alliance Strategies, Security and Global Governance (s. 1-2). Roudledge.
  • Huntington, S. P. (2014). Batı Tektir, Ama Evrensel Değildir. S. P. v.d. içinde, Medeniyetler Çatışması (s. 126). Vadi Yayınları.
  • Ischinger, W. (2005). Pax Americana and Pax Europea. T. Lindberg içinde, Beyond Paradise and Power: Europe, America and the Future of a Troubled Partnership (s. 81-83). Psychology Press.
  • Jacoby, W. (2004). The Enlargement of the European Union and NATO: Ordering from the Menu in Central Europe . New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kaim, M. (2017). Reforming NATO’s Partnerships . SWP Research Paper, https://www.swpberlin.org/fileadmin/contents/products/research_papers/2017RP01_kim.pdf.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, A. (2014). NATO’nun Dönüşümü. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 10(40), 3-38.
  • Kaufman, J. P. (2002). NATO and The Former Yugoslavia: Crisis, Conflict, and The Atlantic Alliance. Rowman&Littlefield Publishers.
  • Kirchick, J. (2019). Germany Is NATO’s Biggest Freeloader. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/04/03/germany-is-natos-biggest-freeloader/ adresinden alındı
  • Kneuer vd., M. (2018). Playing the Regional Card: Why and How Authoritarian Gravity Centres Exploit Regional Organisations. Third World Quarterly, 451-470.
  • Kneuer, M. v. (2018). Kneuer, Marianne vd. (2018). “Playing the Regional Card: Why and How Authoritarian Gravity Centres Exploit Regional Organisations. Third World Quarterly, 451-470.
  • Komaiko, R. (2009). The hegemon’s Dilemma: Internalizing International Terrorism. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 1(1), 40-49.
  • Larrabee, F. S. (2003). NATO’s Eastern Agenda in a New Strategic Era. RAND.
  • Lo, B. (2020). The Sino Russian Partnership and Global Order. China International Strategy Review, Cilt 2, 306–324.
  • Malone, D. M. (2011). Soft Power in Indian Foreign Policy”. , Cilt 46, No. 36, ss. 35-39. Economic and Political Weekly, 46(36), 35-39.
  • Moore, R. R. (2007). NATO’s New Mission: Projecting Stability in a Post-Cold War World. Westport: Praeger Security International.
  • Movkebaeva, G. A. (2013). Energy Cooperation Among Kazakhstan, Russia, and China within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Russian Politics & Law, 51(1), 80-87.
  • Müller, H. (2018). Pokhran 20 Years After: Did the World Change? Strategic Analysis, 42(3), 194-207.
  • NATO. (2020). https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020a). NATO Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49187.htm. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020b). What is NATO? NATO Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2020c). Crisis Management. NATO Resmi Web sitesi: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49192.htm. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022). NATO Nedir? https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index_tr.html. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022b). Strategic Concept. NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2022/6/pdf/290622-strategic-concept.pdf. adresinden alındı
  • NATO. (2022c). NATO Resmi Web Sitesi: https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2022/6/pdf/290622-strategic-concept.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Norling, N., & Swanström, N. (2007). The Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Trade, and the Roles of Iran, India and Pakistan. Central Asian Survey, 26(3), 431-432.
  • Oktay, E. G. (2012). NATO’nun Dönüşümü ve Kamu Diplomasisi’nin Artan Rolü. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 9(16), 125-149. Özkan, B. (2011). Soğuk Savaş Sonrası Amerikan Dış Politikası. SAREM Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi,, 9(16), 79-81.
  • Özlük, E., & Özlük, D. (2014). NATO’yu Anlamak: Dönüşümü, Yeni Kimlikleri ve Uyum Süreçleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (31), 209-225.
  • Prior, T. (2017). NATO: Pushing Boundaries for Resilience. CSS Analyses in Security Policy(213), 1-4.
  • Rodríguez, F., & Rüland, J. (2022). Cooperative Counter hegemony, Interregionalism and ‘Diminished Multilateralism’: the Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Relations with Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Journal of International Relations and Development, 25, 476-496.
  • Rothacher, A. (2008). Allying with an Evil Axis?: The Ambivalent Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Central Asia. The RUSI Journal, 153(1), 68-73.
  • Roy, M. S. (2010). Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Afghanistan: Scope and Limitations. Strategic Analysis, 34(4), 545-561.
  • Roy, M. S. (2012). India’s Options in Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Strategic Analysis, 36(4), 645-648.
  • Rühle, M. (2013). Reflections on 9/11: A View from NATO. E. Hallams, L. Ratti, & B. Zyla içinde, NATO Beyond 9/11 The Transformation of the Atlantic Alliance (s. 54-55). UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Samokhvalov, V. (2017). Russia and its Shared Neighbourhoods: a Comparative Analysis of Russia-EU and Russia-China Relations in the EU’s Eastern Neighbourhood and Central Asia. Contemporary Politics, 24(1), 30-45.
  • Sean, R. (2017). The Eurasian Economic Union: the Geopolitics of Authoritarian Cooperation. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 58(4), 419.
  • Sean, R. (2018). The Biopolitics of China’s “War on Terror” and the Exclusion of the Uyghurs. Critical Asian Studies, 50(2), 232-258.
  • Sharshenova, A., & Crawford, G. (2017). Undermining Western Democracy Promotion in Central Asia: China’s Countervailing Influences, Powers and Impact. Central Asian Survey, 36(4), 453-472.
  • Shea, J. (2013). NATO and The U.S. Pivot to Asia: To Follow or Not to Follow? GMF Policy Brief, http://www.gmfus.org/file/3033/download%20/.
  • Sloan, S. R. (2001). Continuity or Change? The View from America. S. V. vd. içinde, NATO After Fifty Years (s. 11). Delaware: Scholarly Resources.
  • Snyder, G. H. (1997). Alliance Politics. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
  • Song, W. (2014). Interests, Power and China's Difficult Game in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Journal of Contemporary China, 23(85), 85-101.
  • Şahin, G. (2017). Küresel Güvenliğin Dönüşümü: NATO Bağlamında Kavramsal, Tarihsel ve Teorik bir Analiz. Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(2), 59-81.
  • ŞİÖ. (2020). About SCO. ŞİÖ Resmi Web sitesi: http://eng.sectsco.org/about_sco/ adresinden alındı
  • ŞİÖ. (2022). http://eng.sectsco.org/news/20220314/823003.html adresinden alındı
  • Tardy, T. (2006). The EU and NATO as peacekeepers: Open Cooperation versus Implicit Competition” Peacekeeping-Peacebuilding Preparing for the Future. FIIA Report 14, Finland: Otamedia Oy.
  • UN. (2022). Shanghai Cooperation Organization. BM Resmi Web Sitesi: https://dppa.un.org/en/shanghai-cooperation-organization. adresinden alındı
  • Wallace, T. (2014). China and the Regional Counter-Terrorism Structure: An Organizational Analysis. Asian Security, 10(3), 199-220.
  • Ward, A., & Hackett, J. (2006). The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Strategic Comments, 12(6), 1-2. doi:10.1080/1356788061265
  • Webber, M. (2013). NATO after 9/11: Theoretical Perspectives. E. Hallams, L. Ratti, & B. Zyla içinde, Webber, Mark (2013). “NATO after 9/11: Theoretical Perspectives”, (ed) Ellen Hallams, Luca Ratti, Benjamin ZylNATO Beyond 9/11 The Transformation of the Atlantic Alliance (s. 27-28). UK: Palgrave Macmillan,.
  • Weitz, R. (2006). Towards a New Turkey-NATO Partnership in Central Asia. Turkish Policy Quarterly, 5(2), 121-131.
  • Xu, B., & Reisinger, W. M. (2018). Russia’s energy diplomacy with China: Personalism and Institutionalism in its Policy-Making Process. The Pacific Review, 1-19.
  • Yilmaz, S., & Liu, C. (2018). China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Strategy in Eurasia and Euro-Atlanticism. Europe-Asia Studies, 70(2), 252-276.
  • Yuan, J.-D. (2010). China’s Role in Establishing and Building the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Journal of Contemporary China, , 19(67), 855-869.
  • Zapolskis, M. (2012). 1999 and 2010 NATO Strategic Concepts: A Comparative Analysis. Lithuanian Annual Strategic Review, 10(1), 35-56.
  • Zhao, S. (2018). A Revisionist Stakeholder: China and the Post-World War II World Order. Journal of Contemporary China.
  • Zhou, W., & Esteban, M. (2018). Beyond Balancing: China’s Approach towards the Belt and Road Initiative. Journal of Contemporary China, 481-501.
There are 95 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Regional Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fazlı Doğan 0000-0003-3221-7944

Ayşegül Güler 0000-0002-5014-4825

Project Number Yok
Publication Date August 31, 2023
Submission Date December 15, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: 51

Cite

APA Doğan, F., & Güler, A. (2023). Nato ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Terörle Mücadele Stratejilerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(51), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.52642/susbed.1219408

24108 28027 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License