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Childhood Maltreatment History and Adult Depression: Methodological Issues

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 1 - 7, 31.12.2019

Esra Zıvralı Yarar

https://doi.org/10.33817/muhakeme.642072

Abstract

The association between childhood maltreatment and later mental
health problems, especially adult depression, has been widely studied in the
literature. The long-term effects of childhood maltreatment have encouraged
investigators to examine possible factors and mechanisms explaining this
relationship. Studies investigating genetic and nervous, endocrine and immune
systems-related factors explaining the link between childhood adversity and
adult depression reported significant results. However, findings of studies
examining childhood maltreatment and adult depression relationship should be
evaluated carefully before taking actions on them due to a number of
limitations. This paper documented some of these methodological issues briefly:
concerns about definition and terms used for maltreatment, generalizability of
results, uncontrolled factors, unreturned data, multiple maltreatment types and
assessment of maltreatment. Findings of research on long-term effects of
maltreatment are promising to offer new research directions as well as
development of strategies to help individuals with early maltreatment history
and depression in adulthood. Future studies should take methodological concerns
into consideration and try to overcome related limitations.

Keywords

childhood maltreatment adulthood depression methodology limitations

References

  • Arata, C. M., Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J., Bowers, D., & O'Farrill-Swails, L. (2005). Single versus multi-type maltreatment: An examination of the long-term effects of child abuse. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 11(4), 29-52.
  • Arnow, B. A. (2004). Relationships between childhood maltreatment, adult health and psychiatric outcomes, and medical utilization. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65, 10-15.
  • Arnow, B. A., Blasey, C. M., Hunkeler, E. M., Lee, J., & Hayward, C. (2011). Does gender moderate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult depression? Child Maltreatment, 16(3), 175-183.
  • Baker, A. J. (2009). Adult recall of childhood psychological maltreatment: Definitional strategies and challenges. Children and Youth Services Review, 31(7), 703-714.
  • Berzenski, S. R., & Yates, T. M. (2011). Classes and consequences of multiple maltreatment a person-centered analysis. Child Maltreatment, 16(4), 250-261.
  • Bifulco, A., Moran, P. M., Baines, R., Bunn, A., & Stanford, K. (2002). Exploring psychological abuse in childhood: II. Association with other abuse and adult clinical depression. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 66(3), 241-258.
  • Briere, J. (1992). Methodological issues in the study of sexual abuse effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60(2), 196-203.
  • Brown, G. W., Ban, M., Craig, T. K., Harris, T. O., Herbert, J., & Uher, R. (2013). Serotonin transporter length polymorphism, childhood maltreatment, and chronic depression: A specific gene-environment interaction. Depression and Anxiety, 30(1), 5-13.
  • Brown, G. W., Craig, T. K., Harris, T. O., Handley, R. V., & Harvey, A. L. (2007). Validity of retrospective measures of early maltreatment and depressive episodes using the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse (CECA) instrument: A life-course study of adult chronic depression-2. Journal of Affective Disorders, 103(1-3), 217-224.
  • Brown, G. W., Craig, T. K., Harris, T. O., Handley, R. V., Harvey, A. L., & Serido, J. (2007). Child-specific and family-wide risk factors using the retrospective Childhood Experience of Care & Abuse (CECA) instrument: A life-course study of adult chronic depression-3. Journal of Affective Disorders, 103(1-3), 225-236.
  • Danese, A., & McEwen, B. S. (2012). Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load, and age-related disease. Physiology & Behavior, 106(1), 29-39.
  • Edwards, V. J., Holden, G. W., Felitti, V. J., & Anda, R. F. (2003). Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: Results from the adverse childhood experiences study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(8), 1453-1460.
  • Fergusson, D. M., Boden, J. M., & Horwood, L. J. (2008). Exposure to childhood sexual and physical abuse and adjustment in early adulthood. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32(6), 607-619.
  • Fergusson, D. M., Horwood, L. J., & Woodward, L. J. (2000). The stability of child abuse reports: A longitudinal study of the reporting behaviour of young adults. Psychological Medicine, 30(3), 529-544.
  • Fergusson, D. M., & Lynskey, M. T. (1997). Physical punishment/maltreatment during childhood and adjustment in young adulthood. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21(7), 617-630.
  • Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R. K., & Turner, H. A. (2007). Poly-victimization: A neglected component in child victimization. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31(1), 7-26.
  • Herrenkohl, R. C., & Herrenkohl, T. I. (2009). Assessing a child’s experience of multiple maltreatment types: Some unfinished business. Journal of Family Violence, 24(7), 485-496.
  • Higgins, D. J., & McCabe, M. P. (2001). The development of the comprehensive child maltreatment scale. Journal of Family Studies, 7(1), 7-28.
  • Hussey, J. M., Chang, J. J., & Kotch, J. B. (2006). Child maltreatment in the United States: Prevalence, risk factors, and adolescent health consequences. Pediatrics, 118(3), 933-942.
  • Kaysen, D., Scher, C. D., Mastnak, J., & Resick, P. (2005). Cognitive mediation of childhood maltreatment and adult depression in recent crime victims. Behavior Therapy, 36(3), 235-244.
  • Kendler, K. S., Bulik, C. M., Silberg, J., Hettema, J. M., Myers, J., & Prescott, C. A. (2000). Childhood sexual abuse and adult psychiatric and substance use disorders in women: An epidemiological and cotwin control analysis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57(10), 953-959.
  • Litrownik, A. J., Lau, A., English, D. J., Briggs, E., Newton, R. R., Romney, S., & Dubowitz, H. (2005). Measuring the severity of child maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29(5), 553-573.
  • McCrory, E., De Brito, S. A., & Viding, E. (2010). Research review: The neurobiology and genetics of maltreatment and adversity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(10), 1079-1095.
  • Mello, M. F., Faria, A. A., Mello, A. F., Carpenter, L. L., Tyrka, A. R., & Price, L. H. (2009). Childhood maltreatment and adult psychopathology: Pathways to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 31, 41-48.
  • Molnar, B. E., Buka, S. L., & Kessler, R. C. (2001). Child sexual abuse and subsequent psychopathology: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. American Journal of Public Health, 91(5), 753-760.
  • Nelson, S., Baldwin, N., & Taylor, J. (2012). Mental health problems and medically unexplained physical symptoms in adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse: An integrative literature review. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 19(3), 211-220.
  • Nelson, E. C., Heath, A. C., Madden, P. A., Cooper, M. L., Dinwiddie, S. H., Bucholz, K. K., ... & Martin, N. G. (2002). Association between self-reported childhood sexual abuse and adverse psychosocial outcomes: Results from a twin study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(2), 139-145.
  • Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C., Knopik, V. S., & Neiderhiser, J. M. (2013). Behavioral genetics (6th ed.). New York: Worth Publishers.
  • Raphael, K. G., & Cloitre, M. (1994). Does mood-congruence or causal search govern recall bias? A test of life event recall. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 47(5), 555-564.
  • Schraedley, P. K., Turner, R. J., & Gotlib, I. H. (2002). Stability of retrospective reports in depression: Traumatic events, past depressive episodes, and parental psychopathology. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(3), 307-316.
  • Trickett, P. K. (1998). Multiple maltreatment and the development of self and emotion regulation. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 2(1), 171-187.
  • Widom, C. S., DuMont, K., & Czaja, S. J. (2007). A prospective investigation of major depressive disorder and comorbidity in abused and neglected children grown up. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(1), 49-56.
  • Widom, C. S., Raphael, K. G., & DuMont, K. A. (2004). The case for prospective longitudinal studies in child maltreatment research: Commentary on Dube, Williamson, Thompson, Felitti, and Anda (2004). Child Abuse & Neglect, 28(7), 715-722.
  • Widom, C. S., White, H. R., Czaja, S. J., & Marmorstein, N. R. (2007). Long-term effects of child abuse and neglect on alcohol use and excessive drinking in middle adulthood. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 68(3), 317-326.
  • Wise, L. A., Zierler, S., Krieger, N., & Harlow, B. L. (2001). Adult onset of major depressive disorder in relation to early life violent victimisation: A case-control study. The Lancet, 358(9285), 881-887.
  • Wyatt, G. E., & Peters, S. D. (1986). Issues in the definition of child sexual abuse in prevalence research. Child Abuse & Neglect, 10(2), 231-240.

Çocukluk İstismar Öyküsü ve Yetişkin Depresyonu: Yöntemsel Meseleler

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 1 - 7, 31.12.2019

Esra Zıvralı Yarar

https://doi.org/10.33817/muhakeme.642072

Abstract



Çocuklukta
yaşanılan istismar ve yetişkinlikteki zihin sağlığı problemleri, özellikle
depresyon, alanyazında oldukça fazla çalışılmış bir konudur. Çocuk istismarının
uzun vadeli sonuçları araştırmacıları bu ilişkiyi açıklayan olası faktör ve
mekanizmaları incelemeye teşvik etmiştir. Çocukluktaki kötü yaşantılar ve
yetişkin depresyonu arasındaki bağlantıyı açıklamaya çalışan genetik, sinir
sistemi, endokrin sistem ve bağışıklık sistemi ile ilişkili faktörleri
inceleyen araştırmalardan anlamlı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Ancak, konu ile
ilgili çalışmalardan elde edilen bulgular bir takım kısıtlılıklar sebebiyle
eylem planlarına dahil edilmeden önce dikkatle değerlendirilmelidir. Bu
makalede söz konusu yöntemsel meselelerden bazıları ele alınmakta ve
çocukluktaki istismar yaşantıları için kullanılan tanım ve terimlere, çalışma
sonuçlarının genellenebilirliğine, kontrol edilmeyen faktörlere, geri dönüt
alınamayan verilere, istismarın çoklu türlerine ve ölçümüne yönelik endişelere
yer verilmektedir. İstismarın uzun vadeli etkileri hakkındaki araştırmalardan
elde edilen sonuçlar yeni araştırma fikirlerinin yanında erken istismar geçmişi
bulunan ve depresyonu olan yetişkinlere yardım etmek için yeni stratejiler
geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktadır. Gelecekteki çalışmalar yöntemsel
endişeleri dikkate almalı ve ilgili kısıtlılıkların üstesinden gelmeye çalışmalıdır.



Keywords

çocuk istismarı yetişkinlik depresyon yöntem kısıtlılıklar

References

  • Arata, C. M., Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J., Bowers, D., & O'Farrill-Swails, L. (2005). Single versus multi-type maltreatment: An examination of the long-term effects of child abuse. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 11(4), 29-52.
  • Arnow, B. A. (2004). Relationships between childhood maltreatment, adult health and psychiatric outcomes, and medical utilization. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65, 10-15.
  • Arnow, B. A., Blasey, C. M., Hunkeler, E. M., Lee, J., & Hayward, C. (2011). Does gender moderate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult depression? Child Maltreatment, 16(3), 175-183.
  • Baker, A. J. (2009). Adult recall of childhood psychological maltreatment: Definitional strategies and challenges. Children and Youth Services Review, 31(7), 703-714.
  • Berzenski, S. R., & Yates, T. M. (2011). Classes and consequences of multiple maltreatment a person-centered analysis. Child Maltreatment, 16(4), 250-261.
  • Bifulco, A., Moran, P. M., Baines, R., Bunn, A., & Stanford, K. (2002). Exploring psychological abuse in childhood: II. Association with other abuse and adult clinical depression. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 66(3), 241-258.
  • Briere, J. (1992). Methodological issues in the study of sexual abuse effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60(2), 196-203.
  • Brown, G. W., Ban, M., Craig, T. K., Harris, T. O., Herbert, J., & Uher, R. (2013). Serotonin transporter length polymorphism, childhood maltreatment, and chronic depression: A specific gene-environment interaction. Depression and Anxiety, 30(1), 5-13.
  • Brown, G. W., Craig, T. K., Harris, T. O., Handley, R. V., & Harvey, A. L. (2007). Validity of retrospective measures of early maltreatment and depressive episodes using the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse (CECA) instrument: A life-course study of adult chronic depression-2. Journal of Affective Disorders, 103(1-3), 217-224.
  • Brown, G. W., Craig, T. K., Harris, T. O., Handley, R. V., Harvey, A. L., & Serido, J. (2007). Child-specific and family-wide risk factors using the retrospective Childhood Experience of Care & Abuse (CECA) instrument: A life-course study of adult chronic depression-3. Journal of Affective Disorders, 103(1-3), 225-236.
  • Danese, A., & McEwen, B. S. (2012). Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load, and age-related disease. Physiology & Behavior, 106(1), 29-39.
  • Edwards, V. J., Holden, G. W., Felitti, V. J., & Anda, R. F. (2003). Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: Results from the adverse childhood experiences study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(8), 1453-1460.
  • Fergusson, D. M., Boden, J. M., & Horwood, L. J. (2008). Exposure to childhood sexual and physical abuse and adjustment in early adulthood. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32(6), 607-619.
  • Fergusson, D. M., Horwood, L. J., & Woodward, L. J. (2000). The stability of child abuse reports: A longitudinal study of the reporting behaviour of young adults. Psychological Medicine, 30(3), 529-544.
  • Fergusson, D. M., & Lynskey, M. T. (1997). Physical punishment/maltreatment during childhood and adjustment in young adulthood. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21(7), 617-630.
  • Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R. K., & Turner, H. A. (2007). Poly-victimization: A neglected component in child victimization. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31(1), 7-26.
  • Herrenkohl, R. C., & Herrenkohl, T. I. (2009). Assessing a child’s experience of multiple maltreatment types: Some unfinished business. Journal of Family Violence, 24(7), 485-496.
  • Higgins, D. J., & McCabe, M. P. (2001). The development of the comprehensive child maltreatment scale. Journal of Family Studies, 7(1), 7-28.
  • Hussey, J. M., Chang, J. J., & Kotch, J. B. (2006). Child maltreatment in the United States: Prevalence, risk factors, and adolescent health consequences. Pediatrics, 118(3), 933-942.
  • Kaysen, D., Scher, C. D., Mastnak, J., & Resick, P. (2005). Cognitive mediation of childhood maltreatment and adult depression in recent crime victims. Behavior Therapy, 36(3), 235-244.
  • Kendler, K. S., Bulik, C. M., Silberg, J., Hettema, J. M., Myers, J., & Prescott, C. A. (2000). Childhood sexual abuse and adult psychiatric and substance use disorders in women: An epidemiological and cotwin control analysis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57(10), 953-959.
  • Litrownik, A. J., Lau, A., English, D. J., Briggs, E., Newton, R. R., Romney, S., & Dubowitz, H. (2005). Measuring the severity of child maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29(5), 553-573.
  • McCrory, E., De Brito, S. A., & Viding, E. (2010). Research review: The neurobiology and genetics of maltreatment and adversity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(10), 1079-1095.
  • Mello, M. F., Faria, A. A., Mello, A. F., Carpenter, L. L., Tyrka, A. R., & Price, L. H. (2009). Childhood maltreatment and adult psychopathology: Pathways to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 31, 41-48.
  • Molnar, B. E., Buka, S. L., & Kessler, R. C. (2001). Child sexual abuse and subsequent psychopathology: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. American Journal of Public Health, 91(5), 753-760.
  • Nelson, S., Baldwin, N., & Taylor, J. (2012). Mental health problems and medically unexplained physical symptoms in adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse: An integrative literature review. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 19(3), 211-220.
  • Nelson, E. C., Heath, A. C., Madden, P. A., Cooper, M. L., Dinwiddie, S. H., Bucholz, K. K., ... & Martin, N. G. (2002). Association between self-reported childhood sexual abuse and adverse psychosocial outcomes: Results from a twin study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(2), 139-145.
  • Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C., Knopik, V. S., & Neiderhiser, J. M. (2013). Behavioral genetics (6th ed.). New York: Worth Publishers.
  • Raphael, K. G., & Cloitre, M. (1994). Does mood-congruence or causal search govern recall bias? A test of life event recall. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 47(5), 555-564.
  • Schraedley, P. K., Turner, R. J., & Gotlib, I. H. (2002). Stability of retrospective reports in depression: Traumatic events, past depressive episodes, and parental psychopathology. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(3), 307-316.
  • Trickett, P. K. (1998). Multiple maltreatment and the development of self and emotion regulation. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 2(1), 171-187.
  • Widom, C. S., DuMont, K., & Czaja, S. J. (2007). A prospective investigation of major depressive disorder and comorbidity in abused and neglected children grown up. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(1), 49-56.
  • Widom, C. S., Raphael, K. G., & DuMont, K. A. (2004). The case for prospective longitudinal studies in child maltreatment research: Commentary on Dube, Williamson, Thompson, Felitti, and Anda (2004). Child Abuse & Neglect, 28(7), 715-722.
  • Widom, C. S., White, H. R., Czaja, S. J., & Marmorstein, N. R. (2007). Long-term effects of child abuse and neglect on alcohol use and excessive drinking in middle adulthood. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 68(3), 317-326.
  • Wise, L. A., Zierler, S., Krieger, N., & Harlow, B. L. (2001). Adult onset of major depressive disorder in relation to early life violent victimisation: A case-control study. The Lancet, 358(9285), 881-887.
  • Wyatt, G. E., & Peters, S. D. (1986). Issues in the definition of child sexual abuse in prevalence research. Child Abuse & Neglect, 10(2), 231-240.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Esra Zıvralı Yarar

Publication Date December 31, 2019
Submission Date November 3, 2019
Acceptance Date December 25, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Zıvralı Yarar, E. (2019). Childhood Maltreatment History and Adult Depression: Methodological Issues. Muhakeme Dergisi, 2(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.33817/muhakeme.642072
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