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Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 323 - 335, 30.12.2017

İsa Kızgut

Abstract

References

  • Akurgal E. (1995). Hatti ve Hitit Uygarlıkları. İzmir 1995.
  • Babelon E. (1895). Catalogue des Bronzes Antiques de la Bibliotheque Nationale. Paris 1895.
  • Baluta C. L. (1994). “Statuettes en Bronze de la collektion Severeanu (Bucarest)”. Akten der 10th Internationalen Tagung über Bronzen Freiburg 18-22 Juli 1988. Freiburg 1994.
  • Barclay V. H. (1964). A Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum. Lydia. London 1964.
  • Boardman J. (1998). Griechische Plastik der spätklassische Zeit 1998. Mainz 1998.
  • Erhat A. (1972). Mitoloji Sözlüğü. İstanbul 1972.
  • Faıder-Feytmans A. (1979). Les bronzes romaines de Belgique. Mainz 1979.
  • Fremersdorf F. (1928). Die Denkmäler des römischen Köln I. 1928 Berlin.
  • Gürdal T. (2007). Anadolu'da Apollo Kültü. Doctoral Dissertation. Retrieved from Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. (Ref. No. 218595)
  • Kaufmann-Heinimann A. (1977). Die römischen Bronzen der Schweiz. Mainz 1977.
  • Kunze M. (1990). Antike Bronzeplastik Aus Bulgarien. Berlin 1990.
  • Lippold G. (1950). Handbuch der Archäologie. Bd. 3. Munich 1950.
  • Manfrini-Aragno I. (1987). Bacchus dans les Bronzes Hellenistiques et Romains. Lausanne 1987.
  • Marinescu L. (2000). “Zwei Hypostasen des Merkur in der Kunst der Dacia Romana”. KölnJb 33 (2000).
  • Matern P. (2002). Helios und Sol Kulte und Ikonographie des griechischen und römischen Sonnengottes. İstanbul 2002.
  • Menzel H. (1960). Die römischen Bronzen aus Deutschland I. Speyer. Mainz 1960.
  • Mitten D. G. & Doerınger S. F. (1969). Master Bronzes from the Classical World. New York 1969.
  • Morenz S. (1960). Ägyptische Religion. Düsseldorf 1960.
  • Muthmann F. (1951). Statuenstützen und dekoratives Beiwerk an griechischen und römischen Bildwerken. Heidelberg 1951.
  • Mørkholm O. (1991). Early Hellenistic Coinage. Cambridge1991.
  • Newell E. T. (1977). “The Coinage of the Eastern Seleucid Mints. From Seleucus I to Antiochus III”. Numismatic Studies 4 (1977).
  • Ogneova-Marınova L. (1975). Statuettes en bronze du Musee National Arch. a Sofia (Statuettes de Culte). Sofia 1975.
  • Orthmann W. (1985). Der Alte Orient. Wien 1985.
  • Petzl G. (1994). “Die Beichtinschriften Westkleinasiens”. EA 22 (1994).
  • Richter G. M. A. (1920). Catalogue of Engraved Gems of the Classical Style. New York 1920.
  • Sear D. R. (1979). Greek Coins and Their Values. 1979.
  • Simon E. (1969). Die Götter der Griechen. Munich 1969.
  • Simon E. (1990). Die Götter der Römer. New York 1990.
  • Taşlıklıoğlu Z. (1954). Tanrı Apollo ve Anadolu ile Münasebeti. İstanbul 1954.
  • Taşlıklıoğlu Z. (1963). Anadolu'da Apollo Kültü ile İlgili Kaynaklar. İstanbul 1963.
  • Vassilev V. P. (1994). “Bronzestatuetten aus dem Heiligtum bei Lozen”. Akten der 10. Internationalen Tagung über Bronzen (18-22 Juli 1988). Freiburg 1994.
  • von Aulock H. (1968). SNG Nachträge IV. Berlin 1968.
  • von Aulock H. (1977). Münzen und Städte Pisidiens I. IstMitt Beiheft 19. Tübingen 1977.
  • von Aulock H. (1979). Münzen und Städte Pisidiens II. IstMitt Beiheft 22. Tübingen 1979.
  • Walde-Psenner E. (1983). I bronzetti figurati antichi del Trentino. Patrimonio storico e artistico del Trentino 7. Trento 1983.
  • Walter H. (1971). Griechische Götter. Munich 1971.
  • Walters H. B. (1899). Catalogue of the Bronzes. Greek, Roman and Etruscan in the Department of Greek and Roman Antiiquities in the British Museum. London 1899.
  • Wilamowitz-Möllendorf U. (1903). “Apollo”. Hermes: Zeitschrift für klassische Filologie 12 (1903) 575-586 1903.
  • Wroth W. (1892). Catalogue of the Greek Coins of Mysia in the British Museum. London 1892.
  • Wroth W. (1904). Catalogue of the Greek Coins of Troas, Aeolis and Lesbos in the British Museum. London 1904.
  • Zadoks A. N., Jitta J., Peters J. T. & van Es W. A. (1967). Roman Bronze Statuettes from the Netherlands I. Groningen 1967

The Relationship Between Bronze Figurines and Cults of Apollo in Asia Minor

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 323 - 335, 30.12.2017

İsa Kızgut

Abstract

It has been possible to observe from surviving plastic examples that the gods of the Greek and Asia Minor pantheons acquired local or regional attribute(s), which were added to their recognized cults. The largest problem with this research material is its recovery from illegal excavations, and, in consequence, the absence of a recorded find-spot. Bronze statuettes are significant in terms of their relationship with cult statues, as plastic examples, and the evidence they add to the catalogue of cult, increased through each new discovery, also including representations on coins and in inscriptions. It is believed that the catalogue of cult in Asia Minor will be completed after the comprehensive research of the bronze statuettes preserved in Turkish museums which is expected to enhance our knowledge concerning some relatively well known cults and to enlighten us concerning some presently unknown cults. Apollo, who in mythology has various epithets and related descriptions, appears in a variety of distinct typologies. These would have been related to the intense appropriation of oracular and foresight in Anatolia and the region of the Near East and/or the popularity of the gods associated with significant cult and prediction centers, especially in the regions of Troia, Ionia, Karia, Pisidia and Lycia in Western coastal Asia Minor. Apollo, who gained additional attributes from several local forms of worship, in addition to his widely known epitheons, such as music, medicine, archery, art, poetry and agriculture, may, in consequence, also appear in uncommon iconographies and typologies. In this study rare, and unique, bronze representations of this god are introduced and investigated

Keywords

Apollo Phiale Omphalos Cult

References

  • Akurgal E. (1995). Hatti ve Hitit Uygarlıkları. İzmir 1995.
  • Babelon E. (1895). Catalogue des Bronzes Antiques de la Bibliotheque Nationale. Paris 1895.
  • Baluta C. L. (1994). “Statuettes en Bronze de la collektion Severeanu (Bucarest)”. Akten der 10th Internationalen Tagung über Bronzen Freiburg 18-22 Juli 1988. Freiburg 1994.
  • Barclay V. H. (1964). A Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum. Lydia. London 1964.
  • Boardman J. (1998). Griechische Plastik der spätklassische Zeit 1998. Mainz 1998.
  • Erhat A. (1972). Mitoloji Sözlüğü. İstanbul 1972.
  • Faıder-Feytmans A. (1979). Les bronzes romaines de Belgique. Mainz 1979.
  • Fremersdorf F. (1928). Die Denkmäler des römischen Köln I. 1928 Berlin.
  • Gürdal T. (2007). Anadolu'da Apollo Kültü. Doctoral Dissertation. Retrieved from Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. (Ref. No. 218595)
  • Kaufmann-Heinimann A. (1977). Die römischen Bronzen der Schweiz. Mainz 1977.
  • Kunze M. (1990). Antike Bronzeplastik Aus Bulgarien. Berlin 1990.
  • Lippold G. (1950). Handbuch der Archäologie. Bd. 3. Munich 1950.
  • Manfrini-Aragno I. (1987). Bacchus dans les Bronzes Hellenistiques et Romains. Lausanne 1987.
  • Marinescu L. (2000). “Zwei Hypostasen des Merkur in der Kunst der Dacia Romana”. KölnJb 33 (2000).
  • Matern P. (2002). Helios und Sol Kulte und Ikonographie des griechischen und römischen Sonnengottes. İstanbul 2002.
  • Menzel H. (1960). Die römischen Bronzen aus Deutschland I. Speyer. Mainz 1960.
  • Mitten D. G. & Doerınger S. F. (1969). Master Bronzes from the Classical World. New York 1969.
  • Morenz S. (1960). Ägyptische Religion. Düsseldorf 1960.
  • Muthmann F. (1951). Statuenstützen und dekoratives Beiwerk an griechischen und römischen Bildwerken. Heidelberg 1951.
  • Mørkholm O. (1991). Early Hellenistic Coinage. Cambridge1991.
  • Newell E. T. (1977). “The Coinage of the Eastern Seleucid Mints. From Seleucus I to Antiochus III”. Numismatic Studies 4 (1977).
  • Ogneova-Marınova L. (1975). Statuettes en bronze du Musee National Arch. a Sofia (Statuettes de Culte). Sofia 1975.
  • Orthmann W. (1985). Der Alte Orient. Wien 1985.
  • Petzl G. (1994). “Die Beichtinschriften Westkleinasiens”. EA 22 (1994).
  • Richter G. M. A. (1920). Catalogue of Engraved Gems of the Classical Style. New York 1920.
  • Sear D. R. (1979). Greek Coins and Their Values. 1979.
  • Simon E. (1969). Die Götter der Griechen. Munich 1969.
  • Simon E. (1990). Die Götter der Römer. New York 1990.
  • Taşlıklıoğlu Z. (1954). Tanrı Apollo ve Anadolu ile Münasebeti. İstanbul 1954.
  • Taşlıklıoğlu Z. (1963). Anadolu'da Apollo Kültü ile İlgili Kaynaklar. İstanbul 1963.
  • Vassilev V. P. (1994). “Bronzestatuetten aus dem Heiligtum bei Lozen”. Akten der 10. Internationalen Tagung über Bronzen (18-22 Juli 1988). Freiburg 1994.
  • von Aulock H. (1968). SNG Nachträge IV. Berlin 1968.
  • von Aulock H. (1977). Münzen und Städte Pisidiens I. IstMitt Beiheft 19. Tübingen 1977.
  • von Aulock H. (1979). Münzen und Städte Pisidiens II. IstMitt Beiheft 22. Tübingen 1979.
  • Walde-Psenner E. (1983). I bronzetti figurati antichi del Trentino. Patrimonio storico e artistico del Trentino 7. Trento 1983.
  • Walter H. (1971). Griechische Götter. Munich 1971.
  • Walters H. B. (1899). Catalogue of the Bronzes. Greek, Roman and Etruscan in the Department of Greek and Roman Antiiquities in the British Museum. London 1899.
  • Wilamowitz-Möllendorf U. (1903). “Apollo”. Hermes: Zeitschrift für klassische Filologie 12 (1903) 575-586 1903.
  • Wroth W. (1892). Catalogue of the Greek Coins of Mysia in the British Museum. London 1892.
  • Wroth W. (1904). Catalogue of the Greek Coins of Troas, Aeolis and Lesbos in the British Museum. London 1904.
  • Zadoks A. N., Jitta J., Peters J. T. & van Es W. A. (1967). Roman Bronze Statuettes from the Netherlands I. Groningen 1967
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Classical Period Archeology, Classical Greek and Roman History
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

İsa Kızgut

Publication Date December 30, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kızgut, İ. (2017). The Relationship Between Bronze Figurines and Cults of Apollo in Asia Minor. Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2), 323-335.
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Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi
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