AN ANALYSES ON ERGATIVITE CONSTRUCTION IN KURMANJI KURDISH -SOUTH-EAST, NORTH, AND SOUTHWEST DIALECTS-
Abstract
Kurmanji Kurdish has accusative and ergative structure. Ergative structure are seen on verbs in the past tense, the accusative structure are seen on verbs in the present tense. Due to the characteristics of Kurmanji Kurdish verbs and due to the semi-accusative effect, different usages emerge in the ergative structure in Kurmanji. Synchronically, if the structure of the ergative is analyzed, many different uses can be found, such as double-oblique and accusativization. Different forms are used not only for interlinguistic reasons, but also because of the multilingual realitiy of Kurmanji Kurdish speakers. In this paper, the aim is to analyze the ergative structure in a synchronic way. First, we focused on the ergative structure and we analyzed this structure in detail. Then, the use of the ergative construction in three dialects of Kurmanji Kurdish was analyzed in terms of the age and gender of the speakers. This work is valuable both from the point of view of understanding the ergative structure and the use of Kurmanji Kurdish by Kurmanji Kurdish multilingual speakers.
Supporting Institution
DÜBAB
Project Number
EDB. 18.002
References
- Atlamaz, Ü. (2012). Ergative as Accusative Case: Evidence From Adıyaman Kurmanji”. Teza Masterê, Zaningeha Boğaziçiyê.
- Bedir Han, C. & Lescot, R. (2004). Kürtçe Gramer. İstanbul: Avesta Yayınları.
- Bülbül, M. (2019). Risteyên Aloz di Kurmancî da. Humanities Journal of University of Zakho. Vol. 7, No. 2, 263-273.
- Dixon, R. M. W. (1994). Ergativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Dorleijn, M. (1996). The Decay of Ergativity in Kurmanci. Amsterdam: Univeristeit von Amsterdam.
- Güneri, A. (2018). Nomînal Morfolojîya Kurmancîya Herema Torê. Teza Lîsansa Bilind. Zaningeha Mêrdîn Artukluyê.
- Gündoğdu, S. (2017). “Variation in the Ergative Pattern of Kurmanji”. Wiener Jahrbuch für Kurdische Studien. (ed.) K. Brizić, A. Grond, C. Osztovics, T. Schmidinger û M. Six-Hohenbalken. Praesens Verlag. 45-62.
- Gündoğdu, S. (2022). Case in Kurdish. Structural and Typological Variation in the Dialects of Kurdish. (ed.) Yaron Matras, George Haig, Ergin Öpengin. Palgrave Macmillan. 111-180.
- Haig, G. (1998). On the Interaction of Morphological and Synactic Ergativity: Lesson from Kurdish. Di nav Lingua 105 de (149-173). Elsevier Science B.V.
- Haig, G. (2015). Ergativity in Iranian. Dîroka gihîştinê: 03.01.2019, https://www.academia.edu/15321950/Ergativity_in_Iranian
- Haig, G. & Öpengin, E. (2014). Regional Variation in Kurmanji: A Preliminary Classification of Dialects. The Journal of Kurdish Studies S. 2, No. 2, (143-176).
- Haig, G. (2008). Alignment Change in Iranian Language: A Construction Grammar Approach. 2008, DOI: 10.1515/9783110198614.
- Haig, G. & Öpengin, E. (2015). Kurmanji Kurdish in Turkey: Structure, Varieties, and Status. B. Christiane (Ed.). Di nav Linguistic Minorities in Turkey and Turkic speaking minorities of the peripheries de (1-72). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. Erişim Tarihi: 01.02.2019, https://www.academia.edu/17650650/Kurmanji_in_Turkey_structure_varieties_and_status
- Kırkan, A. (2021). Zazakî de Ergatîvîte . Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi , 9 (2) , 303-312 . DOI: 10.18506/anemon.776131
- Kroeger, P. R. (2005). Analyzing Grammer (An Introduction). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Matras, Y. (2017). Revisiting Kurdish Dialect Geography: Preliminary Findings from the Manchester Database. Manchester: University of Manchester.
- Montrul, S. (2013). Bilingualism and Heritage Language Speak- er. Bhatia, T. K. & W.C. Ritchie (Ed.). Di nav The Handbook of Bi- lingualism and Multilingualism de, (Çapa 2.). Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
- Oruç, Ş. (2016). Ana Dili, İkinci Dil, İki Dillilik, Yabancı Dil (Mother Language, Secont Language, Bilingulaism,
- Foreign Lan- guage). The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies Sayı: 45 (279-290).
- Payne, J. R. (1979). The Decay of Ergativity in Pamir Languages. Lingua 51 (147–186).
- Payne, J. R. (1998). Ergative Construction. Enciclopaedia Iranica. Dîroka gihîştinê: 10.04.2019, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ergative-construction.
- Yıldız, A. (2019). Cîyê Fonetîk, Fonolojî û Gramera Devoka Xerzan di nav Devokên Kurmancî û Dîyalektên Kurdî da. The Journal of Mesopotamian Studies, 4 (2) , 247-267 . DOI: 10.35859/jms.2019.559040
- Yonat, (2022). Analîzeke Sosyolînguîstîk li ser Morfolojîya Navdêrî ya Devokên Kurmancî -Başûrê Rojhilat, Başûrê Rojava û Bakur-. Van: Peywend.
Abstract
Kurdîya Kurmancî xwedîyê taybetîya avanîya akuzatîf û ergatîf e. Di lêkerên di koka dema borî de hatine kişandin de avanîya ergatîf û lêkerên di koka dema niha de hatine kişandin de jî avanîya akuzatîf tê dîtin. Ji ber taybetîyên lêkerên kurdî û ji ber bandora nîvakuzatîfbûnê, di avanîya ergatîf de bikaranînên cuda derdikevin holê. Bi awayekî senkronîk eger avanîya ergatîfê bê analîzkirin, gelekî bikaranînên cuda têne dîtin, wekî cottewang û akkuzatîfîzasyon. Ne tenê sebebên navzimanî lê ji ber sebebên pirzimanîbûna axêverên kurdîya kurmancî jî formên cuda têne bikaranîn. Di vê xebatê de, armanc analîzkirina avanîya ergatîf bi awayekî senkronîk e. Pêşî em li ser avanîya ergatîf sekinîn û bi hemû aliyên wê ve me ev avanî analîz kir. Paşê di çarçoveya emr û zayenda axêveran de bikaranîna avanîya ergatîfê di sê devokên kurdîya kurmancî de hate analîzkirin. Ev xebat hem ji alîyê fêmkirina avanîya ergatîf ve hem jî ji alîyê bikaranîna kurdîya kurmancî ya axêverên pirzimanî yên kurdîya kurmancî ve xwedîyê qiymet e.
Keywords
Project Number
EDB. 18.002
References
- Atlamaz, Ü. (2012). Ergative as Accusative Case: Evidence From Adıyaman Kurmanji”. Teza Masterê, Zaningeha Boğaziçiyê.
- Bedir Han, C. & Lescot, R. (2004). Kürtçe Gramer. İstanbul: Avesta Yayınları.
- Bülbül, M. (2019). Risteyên Aloz di Kurmancî da. Humanities Journal of University of Zakho. Vol. 7, No. 2, 263-273.
- Dixon, R. M. W. (1994). Ergativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Dorleijn, M. (1996). The Decay of Ergativity in Kurmanci. Amsterdam: Univeristeit von Amsterdam.
- Güneri, A. (2018). Nomînal Morfolojîya Kurmancîya Herema Torê. Teza Lîsansa Bilind. Zaningeha Mêrdîn Artukluyê.
- Gündoğdu, S. (2017). “Variation in the Ergative Pattern of Kurmanji”. Wiener Jahrbuch für Kurdische Studien. (ed.) K. Brizić, A. Grond, C. Osztovics, T. Schmidinger û M. Six-Hohenbalken. Praesens Verlag. 45-62.
- Gündoğdu, S. (2022). Case in Kurdish. Structural and Typological Variation in the Dialects of Kurdish. (ed.) Yaron Matras, George Haig, Ergin Öpengin. Palgrave Macmillan. 111-180.
- Haig, G. (1998). On the Interaction of Morphological and Synactic Ergativity: Lesson from Kurdish. Di nav Lingua 105 de (149-173). Elsevier Science B.V.
- Haig, G. (2015). Ergativity in Iranian. Dîroka gihîştinê: 03.01.2019, https://www.academia.edu/15321950/Ergativity_in_Iranian
- Haig, G. & Öpengin, E. (2014). Regional Variation in Kurmanji: A Preliminary Classification of Dialects. The Journal of Kurdish Studies S. 2, No. 2, (143-176).
- Haig, G. (2008). Alignment Change in Iranian Language: A Construction Grammar Approach. 2008, DOI: 10.1515/9783110198614.
- Haig, G. & Öpengin, E. (2015). Kurmanji Kurdish in Turkey: Structure, Varieties, and Status. B. Christiane (Ed.). Di nav Linguistic Minorities in Turkey and Turkic speaking minorities of the peripheries de (1-72). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. Erişim Tarihi: 01.02.2019, https://www.academia.edu/17650650/Kurmanji_in_Turkey_structure_varieties_and_status
- Kırkan, A. (2021). Zazakî de Ergatîvîte . Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi , 9 (2) , 303-312 . DOI: 10.18506/anemon.776131
- Kroeger, P. R. (2005). Analyzing Grammer (An Introduction). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Matras, Y. (2017). Revisiting Kurdish Dialect Geography: Preliminary Findings from the Manchester Database. Manchester: University of Manchester.
- Montrul, S. (2013). Bilingualism and Heritage Language Speak- er. Bhatia, T. K. & W.C. Ritchie (Ed.). Di nav The Handbook of Bi- lingualism and Multilingualism de, (Çapa 2.). Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
- Oruç, Ş. (2016). Ana Dili, İkinci Dil, İki Dillilik, Yabancı Dil (Mother Language, Secont Language, Bilingulaism,
- Foreign Lan- guage). The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies Sayı: 45 (279-290).
- Payne, J. R. (1979). The Decay of Ergativity in Pamir Languages. Lingua 51 (147–186).
- Payne, J. R. (1998). Ergative Construction. Enciclopaedia Iranica. Dîroka gihîştinê: 10.04.2019, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ergative-construction.
- Yıldız, A. (2019). Cîyê Fonetîk, Fonolojî û Gramera Devoka Xerzan di nav Devokên Kurmancî û Dîyalektên Kurdî da. The Journal of Mesopotamian Studies, 4 (2) , 247-267 . DOI: 10.35859/jms.2019.559040
- Yonat, (2022). Analîzeke Sosyolînguîstîk li ser Morfolojîya Navdêrî ya Devokên Kurmancî -Başûrê Rojhilat, Başûrê Rojava û Bakur-. Van: Peywend.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Linguistics |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | EDB. 18.002 |
| Publication Date | April 29, 2023 |
| Submission Date | March 15, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Issue: 8 |
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