Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation

Year 2023, Issue: 60, 1 - 14, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/ilted.2023.23378

Abstract

The fact that digitalization and technology-supported systems, which are among the most basic applications of the 21st century, are an integrated and vital part of our lives, has increased the demand for financial technologies. It is seen that Islamic financial technology (Islamic FinTech) applications have an important place, especially with financial technology (FinTech). In this context, FinTech and Islamic FinTech applications are conceptually included in the study. By referring to the literature studies on these two concepts, the concept of Islamic finance is discussed from a religious perspective. In this study, basic conclusions were obtained that Islamic finance and FinTech concepts/applications are very up to date, their development and critical aspects are obvious, Islamic finance contains uncertainties in terms of jurisprudence, and that more innovation, diversity, breadth, equipment and time are needed in the applications of the Fintech system to meet the needs of Islamic finance applications.

References

  • Ahmad, Syed Magfur - Al Mamun, Abdullah. “Opportunities of Islamic Fintech: The Case of Bangladesh and Turkey”. CenRaPS Journal of Social Sciences 2/3 (2020), 412–426.
  • Akkan, Mustafa. M. Dünya’nın Yükselen Yıldızı Fintech Uygulamaları ve Türkiye. Konya Chamber of Commerce Research Report, 2018.
  • Aktürk, Burak. İslami Finansta Finansal Teknoloji (Fintek) ve Fintek’in Katılım Bankaları Uygulamaları. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi, Bankacılık ve Sigortacılık Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2021.
  • Al-Shamrani, A. Saeed. Islamic Financial Contracting Forms in Saudi Arabia: Law and Practice. Londra: Brunel University A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 2014.
  • Arner, Douglas. W. et al. Fintech and Regtech in a Nutshell, and the Future in a Sandbox. CFA Institute Research Foundation, 2017.
  • Avnimelech, Gil - Teubal, Morris. “Creating Venture Capital Industries That Co-Evolve with High Tech: Insights from an Extended Industry Life Cycle Perspective of the Israeli Experience”. Research Policy 35/10 (2006), 1477–1498.
  • Biancone, Paolo Pietro - Radwan, Maha. “Sharia compliant “Possibility for Italian SMEs””. European Journal of Islamic Finance 1 (2014), 1–9.
  • Breidbach, Christoph F. et al. “Fintech: Research Directions to Explore the Digital Transformation of Financial Service Systems”. Journal of Service Theory and Practice 30/1 (2020), 79–102.
  • Bucatinsky, Julio. “Management Science Roundup”. Interfaces 2/4 (1972), 62–85.
  • Chuen, David Lee Kuo - Teo, Ernie. G. S. “Emergence of FinTech and the LASIC Principles”. The Journal of Financial Perspectives: Fintech 3/3, (2015).
  • Demirdöğen, Yavuz. “Avrupa’daki İslami Fintek Ekosisteminin Analizi”. Journal of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of Süleyman Demirel University 25/4 (2020), 469–481.
  • Dorfleitner, Gregor et al. The Fintech Market in Germany. In: FinTech in Germany. Cham: Springer, (2017). https ://do i.org /10.1 007/9 78-3- 319-54666- 7_4.
  • EY FinTech Adoption Index 2017: The Rapid Emergence of FinTech. EY: https ://ww w.ey. com/P ublic ation /vwLU Asset s/ey- finte chado ption -inde x-201 7/$FILE/ey -fint ech-a dopti on-in dex20 17.pd f., 2017.
  • Faizsiz Finans Standartları. İstanbul: TKBB Publications, 2015.
  • Gait, Alsadek H. - Worthington, Andrew. C. A Primer on Islamic Finance: Definitions, Sources, Principles and Methods. University of Wollongong: School of Accounting and Finance Working Paper Series, 2007.
  • Global Fintech Adoption Index 2019. EY: https ://ww w.ey. com/e n_gl/ ey-gl obal- finte ch-ad optio n-ind ex., 2019.
  • Global Islamic Fintech Report 2022. https ://fi skal. kemen keu.g o.id/ aifc2 022/s emina r-fil es/vi ew-be rkas? id=31 &nama =Docs 2022 0823_ islam ic_fi ntech opti mizat ion_in_msm es_fi nanci ng__e .pdf.
  • Güçlü, Fatih - Kılıç, Metin. “İslami Finansın Dünyadaki Gelişimi ve İslami Finansa Yön Veren Uluslararası Kuruluşlar Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi 16/1 (2020), 75–91.
  • Hasan, Rashedul et al. “Fintech and Islamic Finance: Literature Review and Research Agenda”. International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF) 3/1 (2020), 75–94.
  • Hassan, M. Kabir et al., Introduction to Islamic Banking and Finance: An Economic Analysis. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., 2020.
  • Iqbal, Munawar - Molyneux, Philip. Thirty Years of Islamic Banking History, Performance and Prospects. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
  • Iqbal, Zamir - Mirakhor, Abbas. An Introduction to Islamic Finance: Theory and Practice. Singapur: John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd., Second Edition, 2011.
  • Islamic Finance Development Report 2022. ICD - Refinitiv, 2022. https ://ic d-ps. org/u pload s/fil es/IC D%20R efini tiv%2 0ifdi -repo rt-20 22166 98782 47_1582.pd f.
  • Islamic Financial Services Industry Stability Report 2022. Kuala Lumpur: Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB), 2022.
  • IPFC Online Web Agency. “The Incridible Growth of Fintech” [infographic]. 13.09.2023. http: //ipf conli ne.fr /blog /2018 /02/2 7/the -incr edibl e-gro wth-o f-fintech- infog raphi c/Johnes, Jill et al. The Efficiency of Islamic and Conventional Banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries: An Analysis Using Financial Ratios and Data Envelopment Analysis. Lancaster University Management School Working Paper, 2009.
  • Kaya, Süleyman. Kripto Para Birimleri ve Fıkhi Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi. Sakarya Üniversitesi: İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi, 2018.
  • Kazak, Hasan - Okka, Osman. İslami Finans Ekonomik Kalkınma ve Sosyal Barış. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları, 2022.
  • Kim, Yonghee et al. “The Adoption of Mobile Payment Services for “Fintech”. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 11/2 (2016), 1058–1061.
  • Kur’ân-ı Kerîm ve Meâli, çev. Hayrettin Karaman et al. Ankara: Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2016.
  • Molyneux, Philip - Iqbal, Munawar. Banking and Financial Systems in the Arab World. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
  • Naifar, Nader. Impact of Financial Technology (FinTech) on Islamic Finance and Financial Stability. USA: IGI Global, First edition, 2020.
  • Okka, Osman – Kazak, Hasan. İslami Finansal Yönetim - Sistem ve Uygulama (Konvansiyonel Finansla Mukayeseli. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları, 2020.
  • Ouendi, Lynda. La finance Islamique face aux défis de la globalisation financière. Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, (2015).
  • Pride, Jamie. Unicorn Tears: Why Startups Fail and How to Avoid It. John Wiley & Sons, 2018.
  • Rabbani, Mustafa Raza et al. “Fintech, Blockchain and Islamic Finance: An Extensive Literature Review”. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration 8/2 (2020), 65–86. https ://do i.org /10.3 5808/ ijeba /444.
  • Rubini, Agustín. Fintech Founders Inspiring Tales from the Entrepreneurs that are Changing Finance. De Gruyter, 2019.
  • Soage, Ana Belen. “An Overview of Islamic Finance: History, Instruments, Prospects”. Journal of the Sociology and Theory of Religion 1/9 (2020), 60–81.
  • Truong, Oanh. How Fintech Industry is Changing the World. Centria University of Applied Sciences, (2016).
  • Yılmaz, Mehmet - Bağış, Bilal. “Türkiye’de İslami Finansın Gelişimi ve Hukuki Yapısı”. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi 9/5 (2020), 3148–3173.
  • Ghazali, Nasrul Hakim - Yasuoka, Takashi. “Awareness and Perception Analysis of Small Medium Enterprise and Start-up Towards Fintech Instruments: Crowdfunding and Peer-to-Peer Lending in Malaysia”. International Journal of Finance and Banking Research 4/1 13 (2018).
  • Ali, Hassnian et al. “Fintech and its potential impact on Islamic banking and finance industry: A case study of Brunei Darussalam and Malaysia”. International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF) 2/1 (2019), 73–108. https ://do i.org /10.1 8196/ ijief .2116 .
  • Haddad, C. et al. “The Emergence of the Global Fintech Market: Economic and Technological Determinants”. Small Business Economics 53/1 (2019), 81–105.
  • Chuang, L. M. et al. “The Adoption of Fintech Service: TAM Perspective”. International Journal of Management and Administrative Sciences 3/7 (2016), 1–15.
  • Startup.Watch, Türkiye Girişim Ekosistemi 2020 3. Çeyrek. İstanbul, 2020.
  • T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Finans Ofisi. “Türkiye Fintek Rehberi”. Access 13 Eylül 2023. https ://ww w.cbf o.gov .tr/t urkiy e-fin tek-r ehber i-web Rahim, Norafni @ Farlina et al. “Measurement and structural modelling on factors of Islamic Fintech adoption among millennials in Malaysia”. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14/6 (2023), 1463–1487.
  • Irfan, Harris - Ahmed, Daniel. Fintech: The Opportunity for Islamic Finance. In Fintech in Islamic Finance. Routledge, 2019, 19–30.
  • Muryanto, Yudho Taruno et al. “Prospects and Challenges of Islamic Fintech in Indonesia: A Legal Viewpoint”. International Journal of Law and Management 64/2 (2022), 239–25. Erden Bahattin - Topal Bora. “Türkiye’de ve Dünyada İslami Fintek Sektörünün Gelişimi”. Ardahan Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 3/1 (2021), 69–75. Genç, Sait - Küçükçolak, Recep Ali. “Türkiye’de Fintek Sektörü”. Working Paper Series 1/1 (2020), 48–60.
  • Fintech İstanbul. “2022 yılına ilişkin Türkiye Fintek Ekosistemi Durum Raporu yayımlandı”. Access 13 Eylül 2023. https ://fi ntech istan bul.o rg/20 23/03 /15/2022-y ilina -ilis kin-t urkiy e-fin tek-e kosis temi- durum -rapo ru-ya yimla ndi/Türk Telekom Ventures. “Fintech Unicornları”. 13 Eylül 2023. https ://ww w.tur ktele komve nture s.com .tr/f​intec h-uni cornl ari

İslami Finansta Fintek Uygulamalarının Yeri: Kavramsal Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2023, Issue: 60, 1 - 14, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/ilted.2023.23378

Abstract

21. yüzyılın en temel uygulamaları içerisinde yer alan dijitalleşme ve teknoloji destekli sistemlerin, yaşamımızın bütünleştirilmiş ve hayati birer parçası olması, finansal teknolojilere duyulan talebi arttırmıştır. Özellikle mevcut talebin karşılanması noktasında, finansal teknoloji (Fintek) ile birlikte İslami finansal teknoloji (İslami Fintek) uygulamalarının da önemli yer edindiği görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada, Fintek ve İslami Fintek uygulamalarına kavramsal açıdan yer verilmiş, söz konusu iki kavram ilişkin yapılan literatür çalışmalarına değinilerek İslami Finans kavramı dini açıdan ele alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, İslami finans ve Fintek kavramlarının / uygulamalarının çok güncel olduğu, gelişme ve eleştirel yönünün açık olduğu, İslami finansın fıkhi açıdan belirsizlikler içerdiği, İslami finans uygulamalarının müşterilerin ihtiyacını karşılama noktasında Fintek uygulamalarında daha fazla yeniliğe, çeşitliliğe, genişliğe, donanıma ve zamana gereksinim duyulduğu gibi temel sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.

References

  • Ahmad, Syed Magfur - Al Mamun, Abdullah. “Opportunities of Islamic Fintech: The Case of Bangladesh and Turkey”. CenRaPS Journal of Social Sciences 2/3 (2020), 412–426.
  • Akkan, Mustafa. M. Dünya’nın Yükselen Yıldızı Fintech Uygulamaları ve Türkiye. Konya Chamber of Commerce Research Report, 2018.
  • Aktürk, Burak. İslami Finansta Finansal Teknoloji (Fintek) ve Fintek’in Katılım Bankaları Uygulamaları. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi, Bankacılık ve Sigortacılık Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2021.
  • Al-Shamrani, A. Saeed. Islamic Financial Contracting Forms in Saudi Arabia: Law and Practice. Londra: Brunel University A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 2014.
  • Arner, Douglas. W. et al. Fintech and Regtech in a Nutshell, and the Future in a Sandbox. CFA Institute Research Foundation, 2017.
  • Avnimelech, Gil - Teubal, Morris. “Creating Venture Capital Industries That Co-Evolve with High Tech: Insights from an Extended Industry Life Cycle Perspective of the Israeli Experience”. Research Policy 35/10 (2006), 1477–1498.
  • Biancone, Paolo Pietro - Radwan, Maha. “Sharia compliant “Possibility for Italian SMEs””. European Journal of Islamic Finance 1 (2014), 1–9.
  • Breidbach, Christoph F. et al. “Fintech: Research Directions to Explore the Digital Transformation of Financial Service Systems”. Journal of Service Theory and Practice 30/1 (2020), 79–102.
  • Bucatinsky, Julio. “Management Science Roundup”. Interfaces 2/4 (1972), 62–85.
  • Chuen, David Lee Kuo - Teo, Ernie. G. S. “Emergence of FinTech and the LASIC Principles”. The Journal of Financial Perspectives: Fintech 3/3, (2015).
  • Demirdöğen, Yavuz. “Avrupa’daki İslami Fintek Ekosisteminin Analizi”. Journal of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of Süleyman Demirel University 25/4 (2020), 469–481.
  • Dorfleitner, Gregor et al. The Fintech Market in Germany. In: FinTech in Germany. Cham: Springer, (2017). https ://do i.org /10.1 007/9 78-3- 319-54666- 7_4.
  • EY FinTech Adoption Index 2017: The Rapid Emergence of FinTech. EY: https ://ww w.ey. com/P ublic ation /vwLU Asset s/ey- finte chado ption -inde x-201 7/$FILE/ey -fint ech-a dopti on-in dex20 17.pd f., 2017.
  • Faizsiz Finans Standartları. İstanbul: TKBB Publications, 2015.
  • Gait, Alsadek H. - Worthington, Andrew. C. A Primer on Islamic Finance: Definitions, Sources, Principles and Methods. University of Wollongong: School of Accounting and Finance Working Paper Series, 2007.
  • Global Fintech Adoption Index 2019. EY: https ://ww w.ey. com/e n_gl/ ey-gl obal- finte ch-ad optio n-ind ex., 2019.
  • Global Islamic Fintech Report 2022. https ://fi skal. kemen keu.g o.id/ aifc2 022/s emina r-fil es/vi ew-be rkas? id=31 &nama =Docs 2022 0823_ islam ic_fi ntech opti mizat ion_in_msm es_fi nanci ng__e .pdf.
  • Güçlü, Fatih - Kılıç, Metin. “İslami Finansın Dünyadaki Gelişimi ve İslami Finansa Yön Veren Uluslararası Kuruluşlar Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi 16/1 (2020), 75–91.
  • Hasan, Rashedul et al. “Fintech and Islamic Finance: Literature Review and Research Agenda”. International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF) 3/1 (2020), 75–94.
  • Hassan, M. Kabir et al., Introduction to Islamic Banking and Finance: An Economic Analysis. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., 2020.
  • Iqbal, Munawar - Molyneux, Philip. Thirty Years of Islamic Banking History, Performance and Prospects. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
  • Iqbal, Zamir - Mirakhor, Abbas. An Introduction to Islamic Finance: Theory and Practice. Singapur: John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd., Second Edition, 2011.
  • Islamic Finance Development Report 2022. ICD - Refinitiv, 2022. https ://ic d-ps. org/u pload s/fil es/IC D%20R efini tiv%2 0ifdi -repo rt-20 22166 98782 47_1582.pd f.
  • Islamic Financial Services Industry Stability Report 2022. Kuala Lumpur: Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB), 2022.
  • IPFC Online Web Agency. “The Incridible Growth of Fintech” [infographic]. 13.09.2023. http: //ipf conli ne.fr /blog /2018 /02/2 7/the -incr edibl e-gro wth-o f-fintech- infog raphi c/Johnes, Jill et al. The Efficiency of Islamic and Conventional Banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries: An Analysis Using Financial Ratios and Data Envelopment Analysis. Lancaster University Management School Working Paper, 2009.
  • Kaya, Süleyman. Kripto Para Birimleri ve Fıkhi Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi. Sakarya Üniversitesi: İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi, 2018.
  • Kazak, Hasan - Okka, Osman. İslami Finans Ekonomik Kalkınma ve Sosyal Barış. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları, 2022.
  • Kim, Yonghee et al. “The Adoption of Mobile Payment Services for “Fintech”. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 11/2 (2016), 1058–1061.
  • Kur’ân-ı Kerîm ve Meâli, çev. Hayrettin Karaman et al. Ankara: Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2016.
  • Molyneux, Philip - Iqbal, Munawar. Banking and Financial Systems in the Arab World. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
  • Naifar, Nader. Impact of Financial Technology (FinTech) on Islamic Finance and Financial Stability. USA: IGI Global, First edition, 2020.
  • Okka, Osman – Kazak, Hasan. İslami Finansal Yönetim - Sistem ve Uygulama (Konvansiyonel Finansla Mukayeseli. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları, 2020.
  • Ouendi, Lynda. La finance Islamique face aux défis de la globalisation financière. Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, (2015).
  • Pride, Jamie. Unicorn Tears: Why Startups Fail and How to Avoid It. John Wiley & Sons, 2018.
  • Rabbani, Mustafa Raza et al. “Fintech, Blockchain and Islamic Finance: An Extensive Literature Review”. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration 8/2 (2020), 65–86. https ://do i.org /10.3 5808/ ijeba /444.
  • Rubini, Agustín. Fintech Founders Inspiring Tales from the Entrepreneurs that are Changing Finance. De Gruyter, 2019.
  • Soage, Ana Belen. “An Overview of Islamic Finance: History, Instruments, Prospects”. Journal of the Sociology and Theory of Religion 1/9 (2020), 60–81.
  • Truong, Oanh. How Fintech Industry is Changing the World. Centria University of Applied Sciences, (2016).
  • Yılmaz, Mehmet - Bağış, Bilal. “Türkiye’de İslami Finansın Gelişimi ve Hukuki Yapısı”. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi 9/5 (2020), 3148–3173.
  • Ghazali, Nasrul Hakim - Yasuoka, Takashi. “Awareness and Perception Analysis of Small Medium Enterprise and Start-up Towards Fintech Instruments: Crowdfunding and Peer-to-Peer Lending in Malaysia”. International Journal of Finance and Banking Research 4/1 13 (2018).
  • Ali, Hassnian et al. “Fintech and its potential impact on Islamic banking and finance industry: A case study of Brunei Darussalam and Malaysia”. International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF) 2/1 (2019), 73–108. https ://do i.org /10.1 8196/ ijief .2116 .
  • Haddad, C. et al. “The Emergence of the Global Fintech Market: Economic and Technological Determinants”. Small Business Economics 53/1 (2019), 81–105.
  • Chuang, L. M. et al. “The Adoption of Fintech Service: TAM Perspective”. International Journal of Management and Administrative Sciences 3/7 (2016), 1–15.
  • Startup.Watch, Türkiye Girişim Ekosistemi 2020 3. Çeyrek. İstanbul, 2020.
  • T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Finans Ofisi. “Türkiye Fintek Rehberi”. Access 13 Eylül 2023. https ://ww w.cbf o.gov .tr/t urkiy e-fin tek-r ehber i-web Rahim, Norafni @ Farlina et al. “Measurement and structural modelling on factors of Islamic Fintech adoption among millennials in Malaysia”. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14/6 (2023), 1463–1487.
  • Irfan, Harris - Ahmed, Daniel. Fintech: The Opportunity for Islamic Finance. In Fintech in Islamic Finance. Routledge, 2019, 19–30.
  • Muryanto, Yudho Taruno et al. “Prospects and Challenges of Islamic Fintech in Indonesia: A Legal Viewpoint”. International Journal of Law and Management 64/2 (2022), 239–25. Erden Bahattin - Topal Bora. “Türkiye’de ve Dünyada İslami Fintek Sektörünün Gelişimi”. Ardahan Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 3/1 (2021), 69–75. Genç, Sait - Küçükçolak, Recep Ali. “Türkiye’de Fintek Sektörü”. Working Paper Series 1/1 (2020), 48–60.
  • Fintech İstanbul. “2022 yılına ilişkin Türkiye Fintek Ekosistemi Durum Raporu yayımlandı”. Access 13 Eylül 2023. https ://fi ntech istan bul.o rg/20 23/03 /15/2022-y ilina -ilis kin-t urkiy e-fin tek-e kosis temi- durum -rapo ru-ya yimla ndi/Türk Telekom Ventures. “Fintech Unicornları”. 13 Eylül 2023. https ://ww w.tur ktele komve nture s.com .tr/f​intec h-uni cornl ari
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Islamic Law
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sevgi Cengiz

Tuba Özkan

Publication Date December 31, 2023
Submission Date May 12, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: 60

Cite

APA Cengiz, S., & Özkan, T. (2023). The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation. İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi(60), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.5152/ilted.2023.23378
AMA Cengiz S, Özkan T. The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation. ilted. December 2023;(60):1-14. doi:10.5152/ilted.2023.23378
Chicago Cengiz, Sevgi, and Tuba Özkan. “The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation”. İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi, no. 60 (December 2023): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.5152/ilted.2023.23378.
EndNote Cengiz S, Özkan T (December 1, 2023) The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation. İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi 60 1–14.
IEEE S. Cengiz and T. Özkan, “The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation”, ilted, no. 60, pp. 1–14, December 2023, doi: 10.5152/ilted.2023.23378.
ISNAD Cengiz, Sevgi - Özkan, Tuba. “The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation”. İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi 60 (December 2023), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.5152/ilted.2023.23378.
JAMA Cengiz S, Özkan T. The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation. ilted. 2023;:1–14.
MLA Cengiz, Sevgi and Tuba Özkan. “The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation”. İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi, no. 60, 2023, pp. 1-14, doi:10.5152/ilted.2023.23378.
Vancouver Cengiz S, Özkan T. The Place of FinTech Applications in Islamic Finance: A Conceptual Evaluation. ilted. 2023(60):1-14.