Abstract
19. yüzyılın sonu 20. yüzyılın başlarından itibaren bilim-teknoloji ilgisi, sibernetik ve bilişim bilimi olarak adlandırılan tekno-bilim çalışma sahasını meydana getirmiştir. Bu çalışmalar endüstri devriminde olduğu gibi (ondan daha güçlü bir şekilde) etkisini gün geçtikçe derinleştiren birçok devrimsel sonuçlara zemin hazırlamıştır. Bu bilişim devrimidir. Bilişim devriminin temel doğası olan değişim-dönüşümü mümkün kılan teknolojik yapısı, birbirini tetikleyen ve besleyen etkilerle yeni bir çağı şekillendirmekte ve inşa etmektedir. Bu etki kadim olanın yanı sıra mevcudun da yapılandırılması, yeninin inşası sürecini sağlamaktadır. Bilişim devrimi, sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik ve bilimsel alanlar başta olmak üzere felsefe gibi düşünce sahasında da büyük etki ve tartışmayı gündeme getirmektedir. Felsefi perspektiflere ait ontolojik kabuller ‘şey’lerin epistemoloji ve etik alanlarını etkileyebilir mi? Bu etkiler eşyaya veya hakikate olan bakışımızda değişliklere neden olur mu? Akıllı-hesaplamalı teknolojilerin olumlu-olumsuz etkilerinin bilim-felsefe de dahil olmak üzere pek çok alanda tartışılmasının temelinde yeni bir ontolojik ve epistemolojik statünün belirlenimi olabilir mi? Bu makale, felsefi bir anlayışla geliştirilen teknolojilerin belirli bir felsefi anlayış ürettiği düşüncesinden hareket eder. Böylece geleneksel anlayıştan farklı olarak bilişim felsefesinin dayandığı yeni ontolojik konumlandırmaya ve bu konumlandırmanın ürettiği epistemolojik etkilere dikkatleri çekerek bilişim felsefesi perspektifinde ontoloji-epistemoloji ilişkisinin temellerine ışık tutmaktadır. Bu minvalde makale, gelenekselde epistemolojik bir özne olarak bilinen insanın, bilişim felsefesi perspektifinde ontolojik statüsünün yeniden belirlenmesine ve bu sayede nasıl bir epistemolojik nesneye evirildiğine dikkat çekmektedir.
References
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- Bergson, Aktif Düşünce Yayıncılık Bayraktar, L. (2020). Bergson’da Ruh-Beden İlişkisi, Aktif Düşünce Yayıncılık.
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- Kantar, N. (2023). Teknoloji ve Etik: Gelişim Etiği Yaklaşımı/Technology and Ethics: the Flourishing Ethics Approach, İçinde: Teknoloji, Etik ve Din, (Ed. Ünverdi, Şahi- nalp ve Palancı) Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Kantar, Nesibe (2023). Çağdaş Felsefede Yeni Bir Disiplin: Bilişim Felsefesi. Beytulhikme An International Journal of Philosophy DOI:10.29228/beytulhikme.72002
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- Laukyte, M. (2017). Artificial agents among us: Should we recognize them as agents proper? Ethics Information Technology, 19:1–17
- Matteuzzi, M. (2005). Why AI is not a science, (Ed. Franchi, S., & Güzeldere, G.) In: Mechanical bodies, computational minds : artificial intelligence from automata to cyborgs? MIT Press.
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- Pias, C. (2016). Cybernetics: The Macy Conferences 1946-1953. The Complete Transactions, Diaphanes
- Plotkin, H. (2017). Darwin Machines and the Nature of Knowledge, Harvard University Press.
- Rieu, A.M. (2005). The Epistemological and Philosophical Situation of Mind Technoscience, (Ed. Franchi, S. and Güzeldere, G., In: Mechanical bodies, computational minds : artificial intelligence from automata to cyborgs? MIT Press.
- Savat, D and Poster M (2010). Deleuze and New Technology, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
- Scheiter, K.M. (2012). Images, Appearances, and “Phantasia” in Aristotle. Phronesis, 57(3), 251–278. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23249121
- Siegel, L. (2008). Against the Machine: Being Human in the Age of the Electronic Mob, Spiegel & Grau.
- Vlek R, Acken JP vd. (2014). BCI and a User’s Judgment of Agency, (Ed. Grübler, & Hildt) In: Brain-Computer-Interfaces in their ethical, social and cultural contexts. Springer
ENQUIRY THE ONTOLOGICAL STATUS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS AN EPISTEMIC SUBJECT IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF INFORMATION
Abstract
Since the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the interest in science and technology has created the field of techno-science called cybernetics and information science. These studies have paved the way for many revolutionary results that deepen their impact day by day, just like the Industrial Revolution (and even more strongly). This is the Information Revolution. The technological structure that enables change and transformation, which is the basic nature of the information revolution, shapes and builds a new era with effects that trigger and nourish each other. This effect provides the process of structuring the existing as well as the ancient and building the new. The information revolution brings great impact and debate to the agenda, especially in social, cultural, economic, and scientific fields, and also in the field of thought such as philosophy. Can the ontological assumptions of philosophical perspectives affect the epistemology and ethics of ‘things’? Can these effects cause changes in our view of things or reality? Could the determination of a new ontological and epistemological status be the basis for discussing the positive and negative effects of smart-computational technologies in many fields, including science and philosophy? This article starts from the idea that technologies developed with a philosophical understanding produce a certain philosophical understanding. Thus, unlike the traditional understanding, it sheds light on the foundations of the ontology-epistemology relationship from the perspective of the philosophy of informatics by drawing attention to the new ontological positioning on which the philosophy of informatics is based and the epistemological effects produced by this positioning. In this regard, the article draws attention to how the ontological status of the human, traditionally known as an epistemological subject, has been redetermining in the perspective of the philosophy of information and thus has evolved into an epistemological object.
Keywords
the philosophy of Infromation Artificial Intelligence ontology reontoloziation epistemology
References
- Archer, S.M. (2000). Being Human: The Problem of Agency, Cambridge University Press Bayraktar, L. (2016).
- Bergson, Aktif Düşünce Yayıncılık Bayraktar, L. (2020). Bergson’da Ruh-Beden İlişkisi, Aktif Düşünce Yayıncılık.
- Blaikie, N. (2000). Designing social research: The logic of anticipation. 1st ed. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Bynum, T.W. (2010a). Philosophy in the information age. Metaphilosophy, 41(3): 420-442.
- Bynum, T.W. (2010b). “Ethics, ambient intelligence, and the emergence of ‘cyborgian’ societies”. In: Oliva, M., Bynum, T.W., Rogerson, S. and Coronas T.T. (eds.). Keyno- te-Address paper distributed at the ETICA2010 Conference, April 2010, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
- Carter, R. (1998). Mapping The Mind,Weidenfield & Nicolson, London: The Orion Publish Group Ltd.
- Cheney-Lippold, J. (2017). We are data: Algorithms and the making of our digital selves, New York: New York University Press.
- Coole, D. and Frost, S. (2010). New Materialisms: Ontology, Agency, and Politics, Duke University Press.
- Cornford, M.F. (2010). Plato’s Theory of Knowledge (RePrinted). London,Taylor and Francis Group, Routledge.
- Finlay, J. and Dix, A. (2002). An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, Abingdon : Routledge.
- Floridi. L. (2002). “What is the Philosophy of Information?” In CyberPhilosophy: The Intersection of Computing and Philosophy, edited by James H. Moor and Terrell Ward Bynum, T.W. 115-138. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, (A Metaphilosophy Monograph)
- Floridi, L. and Sanders, J.W. (2005). Internet ethics: The constructionist values of homo poieticus. In: Cavalier, R.J. (ed). The impact of the Internet on our moral lives, New York, State University of New York Press.
- Floridi L. (2008). Information ethics: Its nature and scope In: WJ. Van den Hoven and J. Weckert (eds). Information Technology and Moral Philosophy, 1st ed. New York, Cambridge University Press.
- Fudenberg, D. and Tirole, J. (1991). Game Theory, Cambridge,Massachusetts. ; London : MIT Press.
- Gray, C.H. (2002). Cyborg Citizen:Politics in Posthuman Age,Routledge,Taylor &Francis Groups.
- Heidegger, M. (1992). Parmenides. (Translated by Schuwer A and Rojcewicz R) Indiana University Press USA.
- Kantar, N. (2022). Bilişim Felsefesinde Etik Arayışlar: Gelişim Etiği, Aktif Düşünce Yayıncılık.
- Kantar, N. (2023). Teknoloji ve Etik: Gelişim Etiği Yaklaşımı/Technology and Ethics: the Flourishing Ethics Approach, İçinde: Teknoloji, Etik ve Din, (Ed. Ünverdi, Şahi- nalp ve Palancı) Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Kantar, Nesibe (2023). Çağdaş Felsefede Yeni Bir Disiplin: Bilişim Felsefesi. Beytulhikme An International Journal of Philosophy DOI:10.29228/beytulhikme.72002
- Küyel, M.T. (1999). Bazı Kavramlar Üzerinde Yeniden Bilinçlenme, İçinde: Türk Kültürü Prof. Dr. Mübahat Türker Küyel Makaleleri-I, (Bs. 2016), Ankara, Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı, 365-375.
- Laukyte, M. (2017). Artificial agents among us: Should we recognize them as agents proper? Ethics Information Technology, 19:1–17
- Matteuzzi, M. (2005). Why AI is not a science, (Ed. Franchi, S., & Güzeldere, G.) In: Mechanical bodies, computational minds : artificial intelligence from automata to cyborgs? MIT Press.
- McCarthy, J. (1988). Mathematical Logic in Artificial Intelligence. Daedalus, 117(1), 297–311. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20025149
- Negarestani, R. (2018). Intelligence and Spirit, Falmouth: Urbanomic Media Ltd.
- Papert, S. (1989). One AI or Many? In: The Artificial Intelligence Debate False Starts, Reaş Foundation, Ed.Stephen R. Graubard,2nd Ed.The MIT Press,Cambridge Massachusestss.
- Pias, C. (2016). Cybernetics: The Macy Conferences 1946-1953. The Complete Transactions, Diaphanes
- Plotkin, H. (2017). Darwin Machines and the Nature of Knowledge, Harvard University Press.
- Rieu, A.M. (2005). The Epistemological and Philosophical Situation of Mind Technoscience, (Ed. Franchi, S. and Güzeldere, G., In: Mechanical bodies, computational minds : artificial intelligence from automata to cyborgs? MIT Press.
- Savat, D and Poster M (2010). Deleuze and New Technology, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
- Scheiter, K.M. (2012). Images, Appearances, and “Phantasia” in Aristotle. Phronesis, 57(3), 251–278. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23249121
- Siegel, L. (2008). Against the Machine: Being Human in the Age of the Electronic Mob, Spiegel & Grau.
- Vlek R, Acken JP vd. (2014). BCI and a User’s Judgment of Agency, (Ed. Grübler, & Hildt) In: Brain-Computer-Interfaces in their ethical, social and cultural contexts. Springer
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Systematic Philosophy (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 15, 2023 |
| Submission Date | November 1, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | December 6, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Issue: 78 |
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