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Ebelik ve Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Gebelik Öncesi Doğum Korkularını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 413 - 422, 15.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.895696

Abstract

Giriş: Gebelik öncesi doğum korkusu, genellikle doğumun tıbbileştirilmesi bağlamında tartışılan sosyokültürel bir olgu olarak görülmektedir. Çeşitli faktörlerin sebep olduğu bu korkuyu kadınlar kadar erkeklerde deneyimleyebilir. Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı sağlık alanında eğitim alan bir grup gencin gebelik öncesi doğum korkularını etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma, tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel niteliktedir. Araştırmanın evreni, Türkiye'nin güneyinde bir devlet üniversitesinin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi'nde kayıtlı 1. ve 4. sınıf ebelik ve hemşirelik öğrencileridir. Örneklem büyüklüğü hesaplaması ile belirlenen katılımcı sayısına göre 387 öğrenci ile çalışma yürütülmüştür. Veriler kişisel bilgi formu ve Gebelik Öncesi Doğum Korkusu Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında indipendent t test, one way ANOVA, bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenlerin birbiri ile ilişkisisin belirlenmesinde ise çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 20.59 ± 1.75’tir. Gençlerin doğum korkusu ölçek toplam puan ortalaması 39.77±9.84’tür. Katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğu vajinal doğumu tercih etmiştir. Ağrının şiddeti ile ilgili kaygılar, yetersiz baş etme becerisi, öngörülemez riskler, beden imajına yönelik kaygılar ve olumsuz doğum hikayeleri vajinal doğumu tercih edeceklerini ifade eden katılımcılar için doğum korkusunu yordayıcı faktörlerdir. Sonuç: Sağlık eğitimi almış olmalarına rağmen, gençlerin gebelik öncesi orta derecede doğum korkusu vardır. Ebeveynliğe geçmeden önce bu korkuların belirlenmesi ve çözülmesi, olumlu sağlık sonuçları için önemlidir. Danışmanlık rolleri gereği ebelik ve hemşirelik öğrencilerinin bu konudaki tutumlarının olumlu yönde geliştirilmesi için hedefli bir eğitim planlaması önerilmektedir.

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Thanks

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References

  • 1. Nieminen K, Wijma K, Johansson S, Kinberger EK, Ryding EL, Andersson G et al. Severe fear of childbirth indicates high perinatal costs for Swedish women giving birth to their first child. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2017; 96(4):438-446.
  • 2. Nilsson C, Hessman E, Sjöblom H. et al. Definitions, measurements and prevalence of fear of childbirth: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018;18(1):28.
  • 3. Stoll K, Hall W, Janssen P, Carty E. Why are young Canadians afraid of birth? A survey study of childbirth fear and birth preferences among Canadian university students. Midwifery 2014;30(2):220-226.
  • 4. Kapısız Ö, Karaca A, Özkan FS, Savaş HG. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin doğum algısı. DÜ Sağlık Bil Enst Derg 2017;7(3):156-160.
  • 5. Rodríguez-Almagro J, Hernández-Martínez A, Rodríguez-Almagro D, Quirós-García JM, Martínez-Galiano JM, Gómez-Salgado J. Women’s perceptions of living a traumatic childbirth experience and factors related to a birth experience.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(9):1654.
  • 6. Clesse C, Lighezzolo-Alnot J, de Lavergne S, Hamlin S, Scheffler, M. (2018). The evolution of birth medicalisation: A systematic review. Midwifery 2018; 66:161-167.
  • 7. Striebich S, Mattern E, Ayerle GM. Support for pregnant women identified with fear of childbirth (FOC)/tokophobia–a systematic review of approaches and interventions. Midwifery 2018;61: 97-115.
  • 8. Henriksen L, Borgen A, Risløkken J, Lukasse M. Fear of birth: Prevalence, counselling and method of birth at five obstetrical units in Norway. Women Birth 2020;33(1):97-104.
  • 9. Adams S, Eberhard-Gran M, Eskild A. Fear of child birth and duration of labor: a study of 2206 women with intended vaginal delivery. BJOG 2012;119:1238-1246.
  • 10. Isbir GG, Sercekus P. The effects of intrapartum supportive care on fear of delivery and labor outcomes: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. J Nurs Res 2017;25(2):112-119.
  • 11. Junges CF, Brüggemann OM, Knobel R, Costa R. Support actions undertaken for the woman by companions in public maternity hospitals. Revi Lat Am Enfermagem 2018;26:e2994.
  • 12. Stoll K, Swift EM, Fairbrother N, Nethery E, Janssen P. A systematic review of nonpharmacological prenatal interventions for pregnancy‐specific anxiety and fear of childbirth. Birth 2018;45(1):7-18.
  • 13. MoghaddamHosseini V, Makai A, Varga K, Ács P, Prémusz V, Várnagy Á. Assessing fear of childbirth and its predictors among Hungarian pregnant women using Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire subscales. Psychol Health Med 2019;24(7):879-889.
  • 14. Johansson M, Fenwick J. Premberg Å. A meta-synthesis of fathers׳ experiences of their partner׳ s labour and the birth of their baby. Midwifery 2015;31(1):9-18.
  • 15. Ghaffari SF, Shahhosseini Z, Nia HS, Elyasi F, Mohammadpoorsaravimozafar, Z. Design and psychometric evaluation of the fathers’ fear of childbirth scale: a mixed method study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021;21:222.
  • 16. Hildingsson I, Johansson M, Fenwick J, Haines H, Rubertsson C. Childbirth fear in expectant fathers: findings from a regional Swedish cohort study. Midwifery 2014;30(2):242-247.
  • 17. Ryding EL, Read S, Rouhe H, Halmesmäki E, Salmela‐Aro K, Toivanen R, et al. Partners of nulliparous women with severe fear of childbirth: A longitudinal study of psychological well‐being. Birth 2018;45(1):88-93.
  • 18. Serçekuş P, Vardar O, Özkan S. Fear of childbirth among pregnant women and their partners in Turkey. Sex Reprod Healthc 2020;24:100501.
  • 19. Stoll K, Hauck Y, Downe S, Edmonds J, Gross MM, Malott A et al. Cross-cultural development and psychometric evaluation of a measure to assess fear of childbirth prior to pregnancy. Sex Reprod Healthc 2016;8:49-54.
  • 20. Uçar T, Timur Taşhan S. Gebelik öncesi doğum korkusu ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlaması: kadın ve erkeklerde geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg 2018;9:289-96.
  • 21. Hildingsson I, Rubertsson C, Karlström A, Haines H. Exploring the fear of birth scale in a mixed population of women of childbearing age- a Swedish pilot study. Women Birth 2018;31(5):407-413.
  • 22. Li WY, T Liabsuetrakul, B Stray-Pedersen. Change of childbirth preference after delivery among nulliparous Chinese women and their partners. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014;40(1):184-191.
  • 23. Bilgin NÇ. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin doğuma ilişkin algıları: nitel bir çalışma. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2020;10(3):348-356.
  • 24. Žigić Antić L, Nakić Radoš S, Jokić-Begić N. Are non-pregnant women afraid of childbirth? Prevalence and predictors of fear of childbirth in students. J Psycho Obstet Gynecol 2019; 40(3):226-231.
  • 25. Elvander C, Cnattingius S, Kjerulff KH. Birth experience in women with low, intermediate or high levels of fear: findings from the first baby study Birth 2013;40(4):289-296.
  • 26. Swift EM, Gottfredsdottir H, Zoega H, Gross MM, Stoll K. Opting for natural birth: A survey of birth intentions among young Icelandic women. Sex Reprod Healthc 2017;11:41-46.
  • 27. Hauck YL, Stoll KH, Hall WA, Downie J. Association between childbirth attitudes and fear on birth preferences of a future generation of Australian parents. Women Birth 2016;29(6):511-517.
  • 28. Saroli-Palumbo CS, Hsu R, Tomkinson J, Klein MC. Pre-university students' attitudes and beliefs about childbirth: implications for reproductive health and maternity care. Canadian Journal of Midwifery Research and Practice 2012;11(2):27-37.
  • 29. Kadıoğlu M, Şahin NH. Üniversite öğrencilerinin doğum şekline yönelik görüşleri, tercihleri ve etkileyen faktörler. Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi 2019;5(2):43-69.
  • 30. Haines HM, Rubertsson C, Pallant JF, Hildingsson I. The influence of women's fear, attitudes and beliefs of childbirth on mode and experience of birth. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2012;12(1):1-14.
  • 31. Hamama-Raz Y, Sommerfeld E, Ken-Dror D, Lacher R, Ben-Ezra M. The role of intra-personal and inter-personal factors in fear of childbirth: a preliminary study. Psychiatr Q 2017;88(2):385-396.
  • 32. Haines H, Rubertsson C, Pallant JF, Hildingsson I. Womens' attitudes and beliefs of childbirth and association with birth preference: a comparison of a Swedish and an Australian sample in mid-pregnancy. Midwifery 2012;28(6): e850-e856.
  • 33. Stützer PP, Berlit S, Lis S, Schmahl C, Sütterlin M, Tuschy B. Elective Caesarean section on maternal request in Germany: factors affecting decision making concerning mode of delivery. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017;295(5):1151-1156.
  • 34. Spaich S, Link G, Alvarez SO, Weiss C, Sütterlin M, Tuschy B, Berlit S. Influence of peripartum expectations, mode of delivery, and perineal ınjury on women’s postpartum sexuality. J Sex Med 2020;17(7):1312-13.

Determine of the Factors Affecting Pre-Pregnancy Fear of Childbirth of Midwifery and Nursing Students

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 413 - 422, 15.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.895696

Abstract

Background: Pre-pregnancy fear of childbirth is generally seen as a sociocultural phenomenon discussed in the context of medicalization of labor. This fear caused by various factors can be experienced by men as well as women. Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the factors affecting pre-pregnancy fears of childbirth a group of youth's enrolled in health education. Methods: This study is a descriptive and cross-sectional design. The target population of the study was 1st and 4rd class midwifery and nursing students who enrolled in a public university in the south of Turkey at the Faculty of Health Sciences. The study was conducted with 387 students according to the number of participants determined by the sample size calculation. The data were collected with personal information form and the Pre-Pregnancy Fear of Birth Scale. Indipendent t test, one-way ANOVA were used to compare dependent and independent variables, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Results: The average age of the participants is 20.59 ± 1.75. The mean score of the youth's fear of birth scale was 39.77±9.84. Most of the participants stated that they would prefer vaginal delivery. Worries about the severity of pain, inadequate coping skills, unpredictable risks, concerns about body image, and negative birth stories were predictive factors for the participants who stated that they would prefer vaginal delivery. Conclusion: Although they have enrolled health education, youth's have moderate pre-pregnancy fear of childbirth. Determination and resolving this fears before step into parenthood is important for positive health outcomes. It is recommended that a purposeful teaching plan for improving the attitudes of midwifery and nursing students on this issue positively due to the necessity of consulting roles.

Project Number

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References

  • 1. Nieminen K, Wijma K, Johansson S, Kinberger EK, Ryding EL, Andersson G et al. Severe fear of childbirth indicates high perinatal costs for Swedish women giving birth to their first child. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2017; 96(4):438-446.
  • 2. Nilsson C, Hessman E, Sjöblom H. et al. Definitions, measurements and prevalence of fear of childbirth: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018;18(1):28.
  • 3. Stoll K, Hall W, Janssen P, Carty E. Why are young Canadians afraid of birth? A survey study of childbirth fear and birth preferences among Canadian university students. Midwifery 2014;30(2):220-226.
  • 4. Kapısız Ö, Karaca A, Özkan FS, Savaş HG. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin doğum algısı. DÜ Sağlık Bil Enst Derg 2017;7(3):156-160.
  • 5. Rodríguez-Almagro J, Hernández-Martínez A, Rodríguez-Almagro D, Quirós-García JM, Martínez-Galiano JM, Gómez-Salgado J. Women’s perceptions of living a traumatic childbirth experience and factors related to a birth experience.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(9):1654.
  • 6. Clesse C, Lighezzolo-Alnot J, de Lavergne S, Hamlin S, Scheffler, M. (2018). The evolution of birth medicalisation: A systematic review. Midwifery 2018; 66:161-167.
  • 7. Striebich S, Mattern E, Ayerle GM. Support for pregnant women identified with fear of childbirth (FOC)/tokophobia–a systematic review of approaches and interventions. Midwifery 2018;61: 97-115.
  • 8. Henriksen L, Borgen A, Risløkken J, Lukasse M. Fear of birth: Prevalence, counselling and method of birth at five obstetrical units in Norway. Women Birth 2020;33(1):97-104.
  • 9. Adams S, Eberhard-Gran M, Eskild A. Fear of child birth and duration of labor: a study of 2206 women with intended vaginal delivery. BJOG 2012;119:1238-1246.
  • 10. Isbir GG, Sercekus P. The effects of intrapartum supportive care on fear of delivery and labor outcomes: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. J Nurs Res 2017;25(2):112-119.
  • 11. Junges CF, Brüggemann OM, Knobel R, Costa R. Support actions undertaken for the woman by companions in public maternity hospitals. Revi Lat Am Enfermagem 2018;26:e2994.
  • 12. Stoll K, Swift EM, Fairbrother N, Nethery E, Janssen P. A systematic review of nonpharmacological prenatal interventions for pregnancy‐specific anxiety and fear of childbirth. Birth 2018;45(1):7-18.
  • 13. MoghaddamHosseini V, Makai A, Varga K, Ács P, Prémusz V, Várnagy Á. Assessing fear of childbirth and its predictors among Hungarian pregnant women using Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire subscales. Psychol Health Med 2019;24(7):879-889.
  • 14. Johansson M, Fenwick J. Premberg Å. A meta-synthesis of fathers׳ experiences of their partner׳ s labour and the birth of their baby. Midwifery 2015;31(1):9-18.
  • 15. Ghaffari SF, Shahhosseini Z, Nia HS, Elyasi F, Mohammadpoorsaravimozafar, Z. Design and psychometric evaluation of the fathers’ fear of childbirth scale: a mixed method study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021;21:222.
  • 16. Hildingsson I, Johansson M, Fenwick J, Haines H, Rubertsson C. Childbirth fear in expectant fathers: findings from a regional Swedish cohort study. Midwifery 2014;30(2):242-247.
  • 17. Ryding EL, Read S, Rouhe H, Halmesmäki E, Salmela‐Aro K, Toivanen R, et al. Partners of nulliparous women with severe fear of childbirth: A longitudinal study of psychological well‐being. Birth 2018;45(1):88-93.
  • 18. Serçekuş P, Vardar O, Özkan S. Fear of childbirth among pregnant women and their partners in Turkey. Sex Reprod Healthc 2020;24:100501.
  • 19. Stoll K, Hauck Y, Downe S, Edmonds J, Gross MM, Malott A et al. Cross-cultural development and psychometric evaluation of a measure to assess fear of childbirth prior to pregnancy. Sex Reprod Healthc 2016;8:49-54.
  • 20. Uçar T, Timur Taşhan S. Gebelik öncesi doğum korkusu ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlaması: kadın ve erkeklerde geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg 2018;9:289-96.
  • 21. Hildingsson I, Rubertsson C, Karlström A, Haines H. Exploring the fear of birth scale in a mixed population of women of childbearing age- a Swedish pilot study. Women Birth 2018;31(5):407-413.
  • 22. Li WY, T Liabsuetrakul, B Stray-Pedersen. Change of childbirth preference after delivery among nulliparous Chinese women and their partners. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014;40(1):184-191.
  • 23. Bilgin NÇ. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin doğuma ilişkin algıları: nitel bir çalışma. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2020;10(3):348-356.
  • 24. Žigić Antić L, Nakić Radoš S, Jokić-Begić N. Are non-pregnant women afraid of childbirth? Prevalence and predictors of fear of childbirth in students. J Psycho Obstet Gynecol 2019; 40(3):226-231.
  • 25. Elvander C, Cnattingius S, Kjerulff KH. Birth experience in women with low, intermediate or high levels of fear: findings from the first baby study Birth 2013;40(4):289-296.
  • 26. Swift EM, Gottfredsdottir H, Zoega H, Gross MM, Stoll K. Opting for natural birth: A survey of birth intentions among young Icelandic women. Sex Reprod Healthc 2017;11:41-46.
  • 27. Hauck YL, Stoll KH, Hall WA, Downie J. Association between childbirth attitudes and fear on birth preferences of a future generation of Australian parents. Women Birth 2016;29(6):511-517.
  • 28. Saroli-Palumbo CS, Hsu R, Tomkinson J, Klein MC. Pre-university students' attitudes and beliefs about childbirth: implications for reproductive health and maternity care. Canadian Journal of Midwifery Research and Practice 2012;11(2):27-37.
  • 29. Kadıoğlu M, Şahin NH. Üniversite öğrencilerinin doğum şekline yönelik görüşleri, tercihleri ve etkileyen faktörler. Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi 2019;5(2):43-69.
  • 30. Haines HM, Rubertsson C, Pallant JF, Hildingsson I. The influence of women's fear, attitudes and beliefs of childbirth on mode and experience of birth. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2012;12(1):1-14.
  • 31. Hamama-Raz Y, Sommerfeld E, Ken-Dror D, Lacher R, Ben-Ezra M. The role of intra-personal and inter-personal factors in fear of childbirth: a preliminary study. Psychiatr Q 2017;88(2):385-396.
  • 32. Haines H, Rubertsson C, Pallant JF, Hildingsson I. Womens' attitudes and beliefs of childbirth and association with birth preference: a comparison of a Swedish and an Australian sample in mid-pregnancy. Midwifery 2012;28(6): e850-e856.
  • 33. Stützer PP, Berlit S, Lis S, Schmahl C, Sütterlin M, Tuschy B. Elective Caesarean section on maternal request in Germany: factors affecting decision making concerning mode of delivery. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017;295(5):1151-1156.
  • 34. Spaich S, Link G, Alvarez SO, Weiss C, Sütterlin M, Tuschy B, Berlit S. Influence of peripartum expectations, mode of delivery, and perineal ınjury on women’s postpartum sexuality. J Sex Med 2020;17(7):1312-13.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Nursing
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Burcu Avcıbay 0000-0003-2467-5101

Cemile Onat Köroğlu 0000-0002-9674-4076

Sevim Beyza Yamurluklu This is me 0000-0003-0234-2736

Şule Gökyıldız Sürücü 0000-0002-0088-4219

Project Number -
Early Pub Date October 15, 2021
Publication Date October 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 14 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Avcıbay, B., Onat Köroğlu, C., Yamurluklu, S. B., Gökyıldız Sürücü, Ş. (2021). Ebelik ve Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Gebelik Öncesi Doğum Korkularını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 14(4), 413-422. https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.895696

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