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HISTORICAL AND GEOPOLITICAL ANALYSIS OF NŪR AL-DĪN MAHMŪD ZANKĪ’S PLAN FOR LIBERATING BAYT AL-MAQDIS

Year 2018, Volume: 18 Issue: 3 - Special Issue on Nur al-Din, 1 - 17, 31.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.482433

Abstract

Nūr al-Dīn Mahmūd Zankī
was one of the 6
th century AH Muslims leaders who particularly had
thought very carefully of how to liberate Bayt al-Maqdis. The main objective of
this article is namely to examine Nūr al-Dīn’s preparation plan to liberate Bayt
al-Maqdis, in particular if he had prepared the ground to achieve such a goal
which was successfully accomplished during the time of his successor, Salāh
al-Dīn al-Ayyūbī. In addition to the religious impact, this article examines
the remaining material evidence and the practical steps that had been taken by
Nūr al-Dīn throughout twenty-eight years of his career to construct a strong
and a solid argument concerning his clear and distinctive plan towards
liberating Bayt al-Maqdis. The main focus is on examining his preparation steps
towards the unification of Syria and afterwards the unification of Syria with
Egypt.

References

  • Abū Shāmah, Shihāb al-Dīn cAbd al-Raḥmān Ibn Ismācīl (1956) Kitāb al-Rawḍatayn fī Akhbār al-Dawlatayn: al-Nūriyyah wa al-Ṣalāḥiyyah. Beirut: Mu’assasah al-Risālah.
  • Al-cAsalī, Kāmil (1981) Ajdādunā fī Tharā Islamicjerusalem, cAmmān: Mu’assasah Āli al-Bayt.
  • El-Awaisi, Abd al-Fattah (2007) Introducing Islamicjerusalem (Scotland: Al-Maktoum Institute Academic Press), 3rd edition.
  • Brundage, James A (1962) Crusades: A Documentary Survey. Milwaukee: The Marquette University Press.
  • Al-Bundārī, al-Fatḥ Ibn cAlī (1989) Sanā al-Barq al-Shāmī: Ikhtiṣār al-Fatḥ ibn cAlī al-Bundārī min Kitāb al-Barq al-Shāmī. Riyāḍ: Dār al-Liwā’.
  • Elisseeff, Nikita (1967) Nur ad Din: un grand prince musulman à l'époque des croisade's, Damascus: Institut Francais de Damas.
  • Elisseeff, Nikita (2002) ‘The Reaction of the Syrian Muslims after the Foundation of the First Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem’ in The Crusades: The Essential Readings, edited by Thomas F.Madden. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Al-Ḥanbalī, Mujīr al-Dīn (1999) Al-Uns al-Jalīl bi Tārīkh al-Quds wa al-Khalīl. Hebron: Maktabat Dandis.
  • Hillenbrand, Carole (1999) The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Hillenbrand, Carole (2001) ‘Abominable Acts: The Career of Zengi’ in The Second Crusade: Scope and Consequences, ed. Jonathan Phillips and Martin Hoch. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Ibn al-Adim (1996) cUmar Ibn Aḥmad. Zubdah al-Ḥalab min Tārīkh Ḥalab. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-cIlmiyyah.
  • Ibn al-Athīr, Abū al-Ḥasan cAlī al-Shaybānī (1963) al-Tārīkh al-Bāhir fī al-Dawlah al-Atābikiyyah bi al-Mawsil. Cairo: Dār al-Kutub al-Ḥadīthah.
  • Ibn al-Athīr, Abū al-Ḥasan cAlī al-Shaybānī (1982) al-Kāmil fī al-Tārīkh, Beirut: Dār Beirut.
  • Ibn al-Jawzī, Abū al-Faraj cAbd al-Raḥmān ibn cAlī (1995) al-Muntaẓam fī Tārīkh al-Mulūk wa al-Umam, Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-cIlmiyyah.
  • Ibn Jubayr, Abū al-Ḥusayn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad (1980) Riḥlah Ibn Jubayr, Beirut: Dār Ṣādir.
  • Lyons, Malcolm C. and Jackson, David E.P (1982) Saladin: The Politics of the Holy War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Newby, Percy H (1983) Saladin in His Time. London: Faber and Faber.
  • Runciman, Steven (1995) A History of The Crusades. London: Penguin Books.
  • Setton, Kenneth M. & Baldwin, Marshall W (1955) A History of the Crusades. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • Stevenson, William B (1907) The Crusaders in the East: A Brief History of the Wars of Islam with the Latins in Syria During the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Tabbaa, Yasser (2002) The Transformation of Islamic Art during the Sunnī Revival. London: I.B.Tauris.
  • Van Der Krogt, C (2011) Saladin: the Sultan and his times 1138-93. Islam and Christian – Muslim Relation, 22(2), 2011: 227-229.
  • Al-Ziriklī, Khayr al-Dīn (1999) Al-Aclām: Qāmūs Tarājim li Ashhar al-Rijāl wa al-Nisā’ min al-cArab wa al-Mustacribīn wa al-Mustashriqīn, Beirut: Dār al-cIlm li al-Malāyīn.
Year 2018, Volume: 18 Issue: 3 - Special Issue on Nur al-Din, 1 - 17, 31.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.482433

Abstract

References

  • Abū Shāmah, Shihāb al-Dīn cAbd al-Raḥmān Ibn Ismācīl (1956) Kitāb al-Rawḍatayn fī Akhbār al-Dawlatayn: al-Nūriyyah wa al-Ṣalāḥiyyah. Beirut: Mu’assasah al-Risālah.
  • Al-cAsalī, Kāmil (1981) Ajdādunā fī Tharā Islamicjerusalem, cAmmān: Mu’assasah Āli al-Bayt.
  • El-Awaisi, Abd al-Fattah (2007) Introducing Islamicjerusalem (Scotland: Al-Maktoum Institute Academic Press), 3rd edition.
  • Brundage, James A (1962) Crusades: A Documentary Survey. Milwaukee: The Marquette University Press.
  • Al-Bundārī, al-Fatḥ Ibn cAlī (1989) Sanā al-Barq al-Shāmī: Ikhtiṣār al-Fatḥ ibn cAlī al-Bundārī min Kitāb al-Barq al-Shāmī. Riyāḍ: Dār al-Liwā’.
  • Elisseeff, Nikita (1967) Nur ad Din: un grand prince musulman à l'époque des croisade's, Damascus: Institut Francais de Damas.
  • Elisseeff, Nikita (2002) ‘The Reaction of the Syrian Muslims after the Foundation of the First Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem’ in The Crusades: The Essential Readings, edited by Thomas F.Madden. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Al-Ḥanbalī, Mujīr al-Dīn (1999) Al-Uns al-Jalīl bi Tārīkh al-Quds wa al-Khalīl. Hebron: Maktabat Dandis.
  • Hillenbrand, Carole (1999) The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Hillenbrand, Carole (2001) ‘Abominable Acts: The Career of Zengi’ in The Second Crusade: Scope and Consequences, ed. Jonathan Phillips and Martin Hoch. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Ibn al-Adim (1996) cUmar Ibn Aḥmad. Zubdah al-Ḥalab min Tārīkh Ḥalab. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-cIlmiyyah.
  • Ibn al-Athīr, Abū al-Ḥasan cAlī al-Shaybānī (1963) al-Tārīkh al-Bāhir fī al-Dawlah al-Atābikiyyah bi al-Mawsil. Cairo: Dār al-Kutub al-Ḥadīthah.
  • Ibn al-Athīr, Abū al-Ḥasan cAlī al-Shaybānī (1982) al-Kāmil fī al-Tārīkh, Beirut: Dār Beirut.
  • Ibn al-Jawzī, Abū al-Faraj cAbd al-Raḥmān ibn cAlī (1995) al-Muntaẓam fī Tārīkh al-Mulūk wa al-Umam, Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-cIlmiyyah.
  • Ibn Jubayr, Abū al-Ḥusayn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad (1980) Riḥlah Ibn Jubayr, Beirut: Dār Ṣādir.
  • Lyons, Malcolm C. and Jackson, David E.P (1982) Saladin: The Politics of the Holy War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Newby, Percy H (1983) Saladin in His Time. London: Faber and Faber.
  • Runciman, Steven (1995) A History of The Crusades. London: Penguin Books.
  • Setton, Kenneth M. & Baldwin, Marshall W (1955) A History of the Crusades. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • Stevenson, William B (1907) The Crusaders in the East: A Brief History of the Wars of Islam with the Latins in Syria During the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Tabbaa, Yasser (2002) The Transformation of Islamic Art during the Sunnī Revival. London: I.B.Tauris.
  • Van Der Krogt, C (2011) Saladin: the Sultan and his times 1138-93. Islam and Christian – Muslim Relation, 22(2), 2011: 227-229.
  • Al-Ziriklī, Khayr al-Dīn (1999) Al-Aclām: Qāmūs Tarājim li Ashhar al-Rijāl wa al-Nisā’ min al-cArab wa al-Mustacribīn wa al-Mustashriqīn, Beirut: Dār al-cIlm li al-Malāyīn.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Burhan Che Daud This is me

Abdal-fattah El-awaisi

Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor

Publication Date December 31, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 18 Issue: 3 - Special Issue on Nur al-Din

Cite

APA Che Daud, B., El-awaisi, A.-f., & Nor, M. R. M. (2018). HISTORICAL AND GEOPOLITICAL ANALYSIS OF NŪR AL-DĪN MAHMŪD ZANKĪ’S PLAN FOR LIBERATING BAYT AL-MAQDIS. Journal of Islamicjerusalem Studies, 18(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.482433

ISSN:1367-1936, e-ISSN:2514-6009

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